Bacterial Profile and Drug Resistance Pattern of Pathogens Isolated from Wound Infection at Armed Force Referral and Teaching Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2014-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Introduction: - Wound infections are associated with increased morbidity and mortality.
Etiologic agents of wound infections vary with geographical locations. Pathogens that infect
wounds can be part of normal flora or acquired from the hospital environment.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the profile of pathogens cultured from
infected wound and determine their antimicrobial resistance pattern to commonly prescribed
antibiotics.
Methods: prospective cross sectional study was conducted at ARFTH from December 2013 to
May 2014. Swabs from different types of wounds were processed to investigate etiologic agents
using standard microbiological technique. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done using disc
diffusion technique as per the standard modified Kirby-Bauer method.
Result
Out of 300 wound swab samples analyzed, 205(68.3%) were culture positive. 33 (16.1%) of the
culture had double infections. and total 238 bacteria were isolated from 205 cases..
Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated pathogen which accounted for 91
(38.2%) of isolates followed by Pseudomonas aeroginesa 53 (22.3%). The sensitivity rates of
norfloxacin, gentamicin and ceftriaxone were 82.8%, 78.9%, and 76.9% respectively. The
overall MDR (resistant to three or more antibiotics) rate of gram positive bacteria were 73.6%
and 67.6% of the gram negative bacterial isolates were identified as multiple drug resistants.
Conclusion
S. aureus and psuedomonas aeroginesa were the predominant causes of wound infections.
norfloxacin Gentamicin and ceftraxone were the most effective drugs. Periodic surveillance of
the species of bacteria involved in wound infection and determination of their antimicrobial
resistance is recommended for empirical treatment.
Keyword wound infection, bacterial profile, drug resistance pattern
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Keywords
Wound infection, Bacterial Profiles, Drug resistance pattern