A Comparative Study on Bacterial Distribution in the Respiratory Tracts of Ruminants
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Date
2011-06-01
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
For this study pneumonic lung tissue and tracheal swabs were collected from sheep, goat and
cattle slaughtered at Addis Ababa abattoir. From the total of 170 bacterial isolates from sheep
lung tissue 42.4% Staphylococcus species, 14.7% Mannheimia haemolytica and 10.6% Bacillus
species were isolated aerobically. The tracheal cultures also indicate that 66.7% were M.
haemolytica, 13% were Bibersteinia trehalosi and 5.8% were identified as Enterobcter species
from the total of 69 cultures that cultured aerobically. Out of 192 bacteria isolated from aerobic
inoculation of goat lung 45.3% were Staphylococcus species followed by Bacillus species 19.8%,
Micrococcus species, 12.5% and M. haemolytica 6.3% of the total isolates. The tracheal culture
showed Enterobacter species 30.1 %, M. haemolytica 27.7% and Bacillus species 26.5%.
Twenty-nine Staphylococcus species were among 93 bacterial isolates of aerobic cultures of
cattle lung followed by Bacillus species, 17 and M. haemolytica, 8. While Staphylococcus, B.
trehalosi, and M. haemolytica were account for 18, 14, and 8 out of the total 57 tracheal cultures
respectively. A total of 522 bacterial isolates were detected via anaerobic culture, in which 40%
of the 131 isolates from sheep lung were Staphylococcus species, 25.4% were M. haemolytica,
and 6.2% were Bacillus species while B. trehalosi and Micrococcus species took 5.4% each from
the total isolates. Whereas, 60.6% M. haemolytica , 19.7% B. trehalosi and 12.7% Enterobacter
species were isolated from a total of 71 sheep trachea culture isolates. Among anaerobic cultures
of goat lung tissue Staphylococcus species accounts for 36% followed by Bacillus species, 25.6%
and M. haemolytica 11.2% out of the total 125 bacterial species. In the tracheal culture M.
haemolytica counts for 33 followed by Bacillus species, 14 and Enterobacter species, 7 from 61
isolates. 42.9% Staphylococcus, 23.4% Bacillus species and 7.8% B. trehalosi were isolated
species from the lung of the cattle, while from the trachea 25.0% M. haemloiytica and
Staphylococcus each were isolated anaerobically. A total of 1556 bacteria were isolated from 960
nasal swabs from three different areas. In Debre Berhan 140 M. haemolytica, 81 Histophilus
somni, 57 Staphylococcus species and 52 B. trehalosi were isolated. While from Gimba M.
haemolytica, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and H. Somni of which contribute for 25.2%, 15.9%,
11.4 % and 5.9% of the total 647 bacterial species were observed respectively. In Asella from
352 bacterial species isolated 93 were M. haemolytica, 48 were Staphylococcus species, 26 were
B. trehalosi and 17 H. somni were recognized. Further identification and characterization was made
using BIOLOG identification system at the Institute of Biodiversity Conservation, Addis Ababa, and
the result indicate that Enterococcus avium and Sphingomona Sanguinis were
identified at 100% probability, while. H.somni and Actinobacillus lignerisii were suggested by
the system
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Keywords
Abattoir, nasal swab, H. Somni Aerobic bacteria, Anaerobic bacteria, Highland, Respiratory tract, Ruminant