Phytochemical Studies of Cyperus Esculentus Carissa Spinarum Melilotus Officinalis Rhus Glutinosa and Rhus Natalensis
| dc.contributor.advisor | Ele, Estifanos (PhD) | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Mammo, Wendimagegn (Professor) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Assefa, Melaku | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-03-31T12:48:59Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-11-09T16:19:29Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-03-31T12:48:59Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-11-09T16:19:29Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021-09-12 | |
| dc.description.abstract | In this study, the essential oils obtained from the rhizomes of Cyperus esculentus L. and the roots of Carissa spinarum Linn. together with medicinal smoke obtained from burnt roots of Carissa spinarum were analyzed by GC-MS. The major components of the essential oil of Cyperus esculentus were pinocarveol (11.42%), humulene epoxide II (10.18%), caryophyllene oxide (9.38%) and β-pinene (8.95%). On the other hand, the essential oil obtained from the roots of Carissa spinarum was predominantly 2- hydroxyacetophenone (16, 82.97%). The dominant components of the n-hexane- and MeOH-soluble fractions of the smoke derived from the roots of Carissa spinarum were found to be 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 2-methoxyphenol and 2-hydroxyacetophenone. The radical scavenging activities of the EtOAc extract of the rhizomes of Cyperus esculentus, the MeOH-soluble fraction of the smoke derived from the roots of Carissa spinarum, the MeOH extract of the seeds of Melilotus officinalis and the EtOAc extracts of the fresh leaves of Rhus glutinosa and Rhus natalensis were also evaluated using the diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The smoke derived from the roots of Carissa spinarum and the MeOH-soluble fraction of the seeds of M. officinalis showed 88.48 ± 0.31% and 26.35 ± 0.54% DPPH inhibition at concentration of 50.00 μg/mL, respectively. On the other hand, the EtOAc-soluble fractions of the rhizomes of Cyperus esculentus and III the leaves of R. glutinosa and R. natalensis reduced DPPH radical by 24.53 ± 0.36%, 94.89 ± 0.10% and 94.94 ± 0.29% at 50.00 μg/mL, respectively. At the same concentration, standard ascorbic acid (a known antioxidant) scavenged the DPPH radical by 96.29 ± 0.06%. The seed fatty acid composition of M. officinalis was determined in this study by GC-MS analysis. Hence, the n-hexane extract of the seeds of M. officinalis unveiled twelve compounds with a combined area percentage of 98.33%, the major constituents being (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoic acid (20.22%, 366.08 ppm), 14-methylpentadecanoic acid (19.52%, 353.45 ppm) and (9E)-octadecenoic acid (15.94%, 288.66 ppm). Four sesquiterpenes, namely, caryophyllene oxide (113), cyperotundone (12), corymbolone (114) and tricyclohumuladiol (115), were also isolated from the EtOAc extract of the rhizomes of Cyperus esculentus. Furthermore, two compounds, namely, cis-coumaric acid- 2-O-β-glucopyranoside (cis-melilotoside, 116) and 1,2-benzopyrone (coumarin, 65), were isolated from the MeOH extract of the seeds of M. officinalis. Twelve compounds, namely, pentacosanol (119), acacetin (120), kaempferol (38), rhusflavanone (121), rhusflavone (122), avicularin (123), quercetin (1), myricetin (2), quercitrin (124), shikimic acid (125), hyperoside (126), and myricetin-3-O-β-galactopyranoside (127) were obtained from R. glutinosa leaves and three compounds, namely, quercetin (1), guaijaverin (131) and vitexin (132) were isolated and characterized from the leaves R. natalensis. Spectroscopic techniques such as NMR, UV-Vis, FTIR, HRESIMS and single X-ray crystallography were used to characterize the isolated compounds. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/12345678/31055 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | en_US |
| dc.subject | Phytochemical Studies | en_US |
| dc.subject | Cyperus Esculentus Carissa | en_US |
| dc.subject | Spinarum Melilotus Officinalis | en_US |
| dc.subject | Rhus Glutinosa | en_US |
| dc.subject | Rhus Natalensis | en_US |
| dc.title | Phytochemical Studies of Cyperus Esculentus Carissa Spinarum Melilotus Officinalis Rhus Glutinosa and Rhus Natalensis | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |