Assessment of Blood Transfusion Utilization , Patient Outcome and Ssociated Factors at St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Date
2021-05
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Assessment of blood utilization is an important way to minimize unnecessary use of blood and blood components for transfusions so as to effectively manage such scarceresources. However, in Ethiopia the regular assessment of transfusion practice is not performedconsistently. Regular audits are necessary to ensure blood and blood products are appropriate and clinical.
Objective: To assess blood transfusion utilization , patient outcome and assocaited factors fromjuly 2020 to september 2020 at St, Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College.
Methods: the utilization of blood, patient outcomes and associated factors were assessed in thisHospital based cross sectional study at St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College from Julyto September 2020. A standardized data extraction checklist was used to extract data from patientfile and from blood bank log book. Transfusion indices werecalculated. Data was entered andanalyzed using SPSS version 23. Dependent variable frequencies, percentage, mean and range were calculated. The association between patient improvement and independent variables was examined using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis. P-value less than 0.05were considered as statistically significant and Odds ratios with 95% confidence interval were used to determine strength of the association.
Result: A total of 352 participants were included in the study. The majority of the patients were female 218 (61.9%). The median and interquartile range [IQR] age of study participant was 30[20-43] years. For 352 study subjects, 1060 unit of blood components were transfused with themean of 3.01units per patient. From 1242 cross matched units, 85.3% wereutilized, the rest 14.7%were returned to laboratory stock.Anemia was the commonest indication for transfusion andconcentrated red cell was the major component transfused. The study revealed the number ofunits cross matched/transfused (C|T) ratio of 1.17, Transfusion probability (%T) of 61.3%, andTransfusion index (TI) of 1.84. Only 177(50.3%) of the patients showed improvement. Patients inthe age group 1 to 10 years were more than 6 times more likely to improve than those aged underone year’sAOR and 95% CI =6.037[1.205-30.251], p=0.029.
Conclusion: The study demonstrated an encouraging rate of transfusion utilization in which85.3% of cross matched blood is utilized. Transfusion indices,C/T, %T and TI, values were within the acceptable standard. The high rate of non-improvement warrants further investigation.
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Blood components, Transfusion practices, Transfusion indices, patient outcome.