Prevalence and factors associated with Road traffic Accident Among Drivers of Adama Town, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
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Date
2017-07
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Addis Ababa Universty
Abstract
Background:-Worldwide, an estimated 1.3 million people die of road traffic accident each year
and as many as 50 million get injured. Current and projected trends in motorization indicated that
the problem of road traffic accidents will get worse, leading to a global public health crisis.
Ethiopia is one of the countries hard hit by Road Traffic Accidents; however, there is limited
scientific evidence on magnitude of the problem in certain areas of the nation.
Objectives:- To assess the burden of Road Traffic Accident and its determinants among drivers
of Adama Town, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, February, 2015.
Methods: - A cross-sectional study design with a stratified sampling with proportional allocation
of samples was used in selecting the study subjects. A total of 374 respondents: 22 Taxi drivers,
128 Private car or Automobile drivers and 224 Bajaj drivers were selected by systematic random
sampling technique. A face-to-face interview was used and the data were cleaned, coded and
entered in to a computer SPSS version 21 model for analysis. Logistic regression was used to
assess the association between the study variables at a statistical significance level of (p<0.05).
Result:-The magnitude of road traffic accident among drivers during the 12 months period was
211(56.4%). The three major perceived causes of the most recent road traffic accident among the
drivers were; 54(25.6%) problems related to the road, 49(23.2%) problems related with the
drivers and 48 (22.7%) related with the vehicle. Three fourth (76.2%) of the drivers practiced at
least one of the risky driving behavior in the last 12 months. Where, 32(8.5% of the drivers selfreported
habit of drinking alcohol, 40(26.7%) reported habit of driving without fastening seat
belt, 210(55.1%) reported communication with mobile phone while driving, and 125(33.4%)
drove with a speed of > 35 km/hour in the town. On multi variable analysis drivers who had
risky driving behavior, drivers who were accused by traffic police man and taxi drivers had more
risk of road traffic accident than their counter parts with (AOR= 8.34, 95%CI: 4.34-16.01),
(AOR = 6.55, 95%CI: 3.60-11.92), and (AOR= 4.36, 95%CI: 1.01-16.38) respectively.
Conclusion and Recommendation:-The magnitude of road traffic accident was very high.
Risky driving behavior was one of the independent predictor of road traffic accident among the
study subjects in Adama town. The main reasons to the most recent accidents were related to
human errors. Adama town transport authority should develop strategy to improve the
understanding of the community on safe use roads, improve the quality of the roads and educate
the drivers in the town about the effects of risky driving behavior.
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Keywords
traffic accident