Assessment of Knowledge and Self Care Practice Towards Hypertension Management Among Adults Hypertensive Patients in Selected Governmental Hospitals in Addis Ababa,Ethiopia,2022.
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Date
2023
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: - Noncompliance in hypertension management is a common trend being seen in healthcare settings. It is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease that affects a high proportion of people worldwide, and it is leading to more life-threatening complications.According to the World Health Organization’s report, complications of hypertension account
for 9.4 million of the annual 17 million worldwide deaths from cardiovascular disease.
Objective: To assess knowledge and self-care practice management among adult hypertensivepatients under follow-up in governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Method: An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from March 15 to
April 15, 2022, among 413 hypertensive patients in four government teaching hospitals:teaching hospitals often have a stronger emphasis on research and education, Data was coded and entered in EPI Data Version 3.1 and exported to SPSS Version 20.0 for analysis.Descriptive statistics such as percentage and frequency of patients’ knowledge of hypertension and their self-care practices were computed. To distinguish between dependent and independent variables, binary logistic regression was used (p < 0.05).
Results: The study involved 413 participants with a 97.8% response rate. The average age was57.22 ±13.38 years. 45.3% of the respondents had good knowledge about managinghypertension, and 52.5% had good self-care practices. Participants aged 41 to 60 were foundto be 10.47 times more likely to be knowledgeable about hypertension management than those
under 40 (p = 0.008, AOR = 10.47, 95% CI: 1.830-59.902). Women were 0.17 times lesslikely than men to engage in self-care practices (AOR = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.80-0.382, p = 0.000),and homemakers were found to be 3.17 times more likely to practice self-care than civilservants (AOR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.073-9.3213%, p = 0.036). Those with secondary or higher education were 5.32 times more likely than illiterates to engage in self-care practices (AOR =
5.32, 95% CI: 1.079-26225, p = 0.040).
Conclusion and Recommendation: This study revealed that the overall knowledge and self-care practices of hypertension management among hypertensive patients were very low. Age,gender, monthly income, occupation, educational status, regular BP checks, heart exams, and
dietary practices were determinants of self-care practice. The findings suggest that Patientswith hypertension who were seen in the hospital every month rather than every three to sixmonths report better health and satisfaction. Hypertension prevention educational programs
may have paramount importance to improve the quality of care