Assessment of Vitamin A, Vitamin B 12 and Iron levels among Tuberculosis Patients and Co-infected with HIV before and After TB Treatment. Longitudinal Cohort study
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Date
2016-10
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (Tb) is major cause of morbidity and mortality, for millions ofpeoples worldwide. Of the different risk factors associated with Tb development and progress,deficiency of micronutrients (vitamins and minerals), mentioned one. In this regards associationof micronutrients during development of Tb and then after Tb treatments scarcely found inEthiopia. Objective: To assess the level of micronutrients (Vitamin A, Vitamin B12 and Iron)among M. tuberculosis patients with and without HIV confection at baseline and after anti TBtreatment.
Material and method: This study was conduct on serum samples, collected fromM.TB patients with and without HIV infection, attending at different health centers in AddisAbaba. The collected samples were stored at EPHI at - 80 0 C, for about 10 years. Convenientsampling method used to select TB only (87), TB-HIV confection (57), latent TB (25) andhealthy controls (21). Socio-demographic data was collected from the previously collected logbook. The concentration of Iron and Vitamin B12 was measured by using chemiluminesensemethod; whereas concentration of retinol measured by using HPLC
Method. The collected dataenter and analyzed by using SPSS statistical software version 20. P-values less than 0.05considered as statistical significant. Result: of the total 190 participants, about 57 had both TB-HIV (HIV+TB+), 87 had TB only (HIV-TB+), 25 had latent TB (HIV-TST+) and 21 healthycontrols (TB-HIV-) were are included in the study. The median age of study participants in eachstudy groups with inter quartile range, 30(28-38) years inTB-HIV, 27 (21-32) years in TB only,23(20-31) years in latent and 24(20-27) years were in healthy controls. Female study participantshad major proportions in all cases, except in TB-HIV cases where males were dominant. Theconcentration of vitamin A, Vitamin B 12 and Iron had significant difference before and after Tbtreatments both in Tb patients with and without HIV-co-infections. But these differences was notseen when Tb only patients (at 0 and after 6 month therapy) micronutrient concentrationscompared with Tb with HIV co infected patients (at 0 and 6 months after treatments. On theother hand there was statistical significant different between M0 Tb patients with and withoutHIV co-infections compared with latent Tb and healthy controls on Iron, Vitamin A and VitaminB12 concentration, while theses difference becomes non-significant after 6 months of Tb therap
Conclusion and recommendation: The present study demonstrated that micronutrientdeficiencies may related with development of Tb diseases. Measurement of Micronutrients forthose latent Tb patients might indicate the progress of overt Tb developments. Thus,micronutrient supplements during Tb treatment might help to enhance Tb cure rates for thosepatients. But still large scale active longitudinal studies need to undertake to consolidates thepresent findings.
Key word: Tuberculosis, Vitamin B 12, Retinol, Iron, Micronutrients
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Tuberculosis Vitamin B 12 Retinol Iron