Competing Ethnonationalism and Its Implication to National Security in Post-2015 Ethiopia: The Cases of Amhara, Oromo, and Tigrean Ethnonationalism
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Date
2021-07
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Addis Ababa Unversity
Abstract
This thesis explores, focusing on competitive nationalism and its implications for national
security in post-2015 Ethiopia and taking Oromo, Amhara, and Tigrean nationalism as a case.
And further assessed about Competing and sometimes contradictory ethnonationalism
perspectives turn into ethnic conflict and when it becomes a challenge to national security. The
study reviewed the historical background of nationalism, the types of nationalism, the evolution
of ethnonationalism, and the main claim and counterclaim of ethnonationalism movements.
Specifically how statements by political elites who have state power exacerbated the political
situation. The instability of the post-2015 period caused political instability as well as state
instability. Furthermore, the nature of the ethnic-based nationalist movement in Ethiopia has
lately generated a rift in the country and a split that can have comprehensive effects on the
continuation of the Ethiopian state. The thesis further argues that in the context of Ethiopia,
ethnic nationalism and its origin are primarily related to the exclusive ideological narratives of
state elites and, in some cases, the state-formation process of the country. This research is
purely qualitative and uses an discripituve approach. In doing so, the study used Key
informant interviews and Focus group discussions , and also a secondary source to collect the
necessary data. The study also explored the cause of the post-2015 popular unrest, who are the
actors, and what was the consequence. The thesis also focused on the challenges of Ethiopian
national security and the source of the threat. The study followed the realistic approach of
linking and interpreting instability to security. To this end, the study examined the absence of an
inclusive policy, the absence of a long-term plan, the reluctance to compromise, the problem of
hierarchization, mistrust, the inability to forgive, the failure of effective negotiation, institutional
politics, lack of real promotion of national identity are the issue need to be addressed.
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Keywords
Competing Ethnonationalism, Amhara, Oromo, Tigray, national security EPRDF, TPLF, ANDM, OPDO .