Assessment of Outcome and Associated factors of adult poisoning cases at Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from January 1,2015 to December 31, 2020
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Date
2021-10
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: With the widespread availability of a vast number of chemicals and drugs,
acute poisoning is a common medical emergency worldwide. Morbidity & mortality
associated with poisoning is becoming a major public health issue in many countries.
Although it has been known that this public problem is a pressing issue in Ethiopia, the
extent and magnitude of poisoning is not yet properly explored.
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess outcome and associated factors of adult
poisoning cases at Tikur Anbessa Specialized hospital.
Methods: This was hospital based cross sectional study of adult poisoning cases at TASH
from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2020. Data was collected through retrospective chart
review by using structured questionnaire which was prepared from previous literatures with
few amendments. The data was coded, cleaned and entered in to SPSS version 26 software
program for further analysis. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate analysis was
done to assess the outcome and associated factors and the odd ratio obtained was used as
approximation of relative risk. P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.
Results: The overall case fatality rate was 13.7% and the overall discharge rate was 86.3%.
The common causes of death were Rodenticides (n=10), Barbiturates (n=8) and
Organophosphates(n=5). Relative to rural, being from urban place of residence was strongly
associated with discharge (AOR=6.384, 95%CI=1.270-32.098, P=0.024). Relative to other
main management options, patients who required intubation were less likely to be discharged
(AOR=0.045,95%CI=0.003 0.776, p=0.033).
Conclusion: In this study the overall case fatality rate was 13.7% which is very high as
compared to the findings of other studies done in the country so far. Urban place of residence
& management with intubation were independent predictors of outcome. Awareness on
proper handling of chemicals should be forwarded to users of these agents by public health
workers
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Keywords
Adult poisoning, Outcome, Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital