Clinical characteristics, treatment outcome and determinants of outcome in patients with multiple myeloma treated at TASH from January 2017 to December 2021:A five years retrospective study
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Date
2023-03
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background
Multiple myeloma is a malignant proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow, with
relatively high prevalence in African populations. Reports from Africa are few and involve small
cohorts, but suggest significant epidemiological and clinical differences from Caucasian patients.
The outcome of myeloma has significantly improved due to use of chemotherapeutic agents
including immunomodulatory agents and proteasome inhibitors.
Methods
A retrospective Cross-sectional study design was used to define the clinical characteristics,
outcome and determinants of outcome of multiple myeloma patients treated at TASH from
January 1,2017 to December 30,2021.
Result
A total of 85 patients were included in the study. The median age at diagnosis was 53 years, male
patients accounted for 64.7 % of the patients. The most common presenting symptoms were bone
pain 85.9 % and symptoms of anemia 48.2 %. 41.2 % of patients had hg < 10 g/dl at presentation
while 76.5 % had lytic lesions on imaging. In addition, 85.1 % had detectable paraprotein on
SPEP. At the end of induction therapy 55.2 % of patients had undetectable paraprotein on SPEP.
The median PFS for this cohort was 24 months.
Conclusion
Most patients with multiple myeloma in this cohort were diagnosed at a relatively young age,
presented with late stage disease and bone pain, and had a shorter PFS. Factors associated with
worse survival were late Durie-Salmon stage disease, high calcium, and presence of pathologic
fracture.
Description
Keywords
Myeloma, Patients