i DDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE SERO – EPIDEMIOLOGY OF BRUCELLOSIS IN SMALL RUMINANTS IN SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2007-06
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
A cross sectional study was conducted in Oromia and Regional state of SNNPRS from August 2006 to April 2007 to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in goats and sheep and areas associated risk factors using mRBT and CFT. A total of 2905 goats and 1059 sheep were included in this study.
The modified Rose Bengal Test (mRBT) prevalence rate in goats’ over all is 5.5% (n=2905) while in sheep is 4.0% (n=1059) and total in small ruminants 5.1% (n=3964) in extensive farming system. The mRBT positive rates, in relation to production systems are 7.11% and 0.5% in pastoral and sedentary respectively. In the intensive farming system, in Adami Tullu Agricultural Research Center, no sero-positive animals while in Awassa Agricultural College, the prevalence rate is 20% by mRBT.
The serial test positives (mRBT and CFT) prevalence rate in goats is 3.2% (n=2905) while in sheep is 1.6% (n=1059). The small ruminants’ prevalence rates are 3.9% and 0.33% in pastoral and sedentary production systems respectively. In the intensive farming system, in Adami Tullu Agricultural Research Center, no sero-positive animals while in Awassa Agricultural College, the prevalence rate is 18.4 % by serial tests.
Risk factors analysis was carried out in relation to production system, species and sex and significant differences were observed to counter categories (p<0.05). Age factor showed no significant difference in this analysis, which may be due to low number of observations at higher ages.
xii
Flock prevalence was determined only in pastoral production system, but not in mixed crop livestock production system because of small holdings and difficulty to consider as herd (flock). Herd (flock) prevalence was observed only in pastoral production system. Herd prevalence by serial test in Borerna (Oromya) is 38.8 %( n=73), while in South Omo and Konso (SNNPRS) is 22.7 %( n=75). The cut-off value for flock prevalence was greater or equal to one.
In general brucellosis in small ruminants is prevalent in the low land pastoral production system at individual and herd level. In the sedentary areas at higher altitude the prevalence is 0%, except in some fringed areas bordering the pastoral production system as in konso district. Based on the result of the study concluding remarks and recommendation are forwarded.
Description
Keywords
Brucellosis, sero-prevalence, risk factors, serial, mRBT/CFT