Clinical profiles and outcome of patients on Mechanical Ventilation Among Adult Intensive Care Unit of Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2020
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Date
2020-06
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Mechanical ventilation is a supportive treatment for patients who are unable to
maintain adequate oxygenation and/or removal of carbon dioxide. One of the most common
indications of admission to the intensive care unit is the need for the ventilator support. Patients
admitted to intensive care units who need mechanical ventilation had been higher mortality rates
than those who do not require respiratory support.
Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the clinical profile and outcomes of patients
on mechanical ventilation among adult intensive care units of TASH, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,
2020.
Methodology: Retrospective cross-sectional study was employed using a principal investigator
developed (PI) data extraction form. We reviewed retrospectively a one-year medical record of
ventilated patient from September 1, 2018- August 30, 2019. Data were analyzed using statistical
package for social science (SPSS) version 25. Description of median frequency and standard
deviation (SD) on each variable were calculated. Multivarte logistic regression was assessed to
association between dependent and independent variable.
Result: There were 693 patients admitted to AICU over the one year and 348(50.2%) were
mechanically ventilated. The main source for admission was Adult emergency and operation
room with same percent (37.6%). The main reason for ICU admission was respiratory (55.2%).
The predominant indication of mechanical ventilation was respiratory failure (41.9%),
neurological failure (36.7%) and sepsis (11.4%). Volume control ventilation was the most
common initial mode of ventilation used. In multivariable regression analysis being medical
diagnosis patients, multi organ dysfunction syndrome and sedation used were statistically
positively associated with mortality at p-value of less than 0.05 with CI 95%.
Conclusion and recommendation: The mortality rate of Adult patients on mechanical
ventilation in Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital was high. This high mortality rate suggesting
an urgent need for extensive improvement in protocols for ICU set up.
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Keywords
Clinical profile, Intensive Care Unit, mechanical ventilation, outcomes.