The Magnitude and Associated Factors of Tuberculosis among Diabetic Patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2015-06
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Addis Abeba Universty
Abstract
Background: - Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium
tuberculosis, and it is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. The link between
tuberculosis and chronic diseases particularly diabetes mellitus have long recognized but underappreciated
connection between the two revealing that diabetes makes substantial contribution to the burden of both
incidence and prevalence of tuberculosis at the world wide level. People with diabetes have more than
three times higher risk of developing active tuberculosis than people without diabetes. However, still
there are a few studies on the burden of tuberculosis among diabetic patients in Ethiopia, particularly at
Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude and
associated factors of tuberculosis among diabetic patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital
in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Objective: - To assess the magnitude and factors associated with tuberculosis among diabetic patients in
Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: - Retrospective study was conducted at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Teaching Hospital in Addis
Ababa, Ethiopia, from January 2010-January 2014. A total of six hundred eight one known diabetic
patients aged ≥ 18 years were included in the study. Data was collected using checklist. Data were
analyzed using SPSS for window version 20. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, proportions, means,
medians and standard deviations were calculated. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify
associated factors of tuberculosis among diabetic groups. The results were expressed by using adjusted
odds ratio with 95% confidence interval a significant threshold was considered at p < 0.05.
Results: - The magnitude of tuberculosis among diabetic populations was 3.8%, 95%CI (2.5%-5.3%).
Age from 51-65 years (AOR=21.4; 95%CI; 1.2-385) , type-I diabetes mellitus (AOR=7;95%CI: 1.1-41.6)
and age over 66 years (AOR=51; 95%CI: 3-877), body mass index less than 18 kg/m2 (AOR=27.6;
95%CI: 1.7-442), and prolonged duration of DM (AOR=5.1; 95%CI: 1-24) were significantly associated
factors of tuberculosis among diabetic patients.
Conclusion and recommendations: - In this study higher magnitude of tuberculosis was reported
compared to other studies in developing countries. Age, low body mass index, type of diabetes mellitus
and duration of diabetes were the significantly associated factors leading to occurrence of tuberculosis
among diabetic patients. All diabetic patients should be screened for tuberculosis at their diagnosis time
and they have regular follow up, and it is better to conduct further large scale epidemiological studies with
large sample size and advanced tuberculosis diagnostic technologies.
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The Magnitude and Associated Factors