Magnitude, Treatment Outcome and Associated factors with Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia Children Aged 2 to 59 Months Admitted to Pediatric Departments of Two Selected Governmental Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2017/18.
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Date
2018-06
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in
under-fives throughout the world, particularly in developing countries. About 20% of all
deaths in children under five years of age has been reported to be happen due to acute lower
respiratory infection (ALRI). About 90% of ALRI associated deaths takes place due to severe
pneumonia. Death attributed to pneumonia has decreased since 2000 G.C., but it remains a
major public health problem. Additionally, there are no enough data to describe pneumonia
outcomes in low-income countries even in the era after vaccines have been introduced.
Therefore, this study is crucial in identifying major determinants of severe pneumonia
outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: To assess Magnitude, Treatment Outcome and Associated Factors with
Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia in Children Aged 2 to 59 Months Admitted to
Pediatric departments of two Selected Governmental Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Addis
Ababa, Ethiopia, 2017/18.
METHODS: An institutional based retrospective chart review study was conducted to assess
the magnitude, treatment outcome and associated factors with severe community acquired
pneumonia in pediatric departments of Yekatit 12 Hospital and St.Paul’s Hospital
Millennium Medical College in the last one year from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017.
Data were collected by using a structured questionnaire from medical records of patient
fulfilling inclusion criteria.For sample size determination all cases fulfilling inclusion criteria
admitted from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017 were included and the collected data
were analysed using SPSS version 23.
Result:A total of 1043 children aged 2 to 59months were admitted to Yekatit 12 hospital and
St. Paul Hospital Millennium medical college paediatric departments during the study period.
Among these 168 were Children with diagnosis of severe community acquired pneumonia
(SCAP) fulfilling the inclusion criteria with full documentation.Out of 168 children (mean
age 14 months) admitted with severe community acquired pneumonia, 33(19.6%) had severe
acute malnutrition (SAM), 2 (1.2%) had a positive HIV antibody test, and 10(6.0%) died in
hospital.
Conclusion: Child’s nutritional status, immunization status and oxygen saturation at time of
admission had significant effect on the patient treatment outcome of children admitted with
diagnosis of severe community acquired pneumonia.
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Keywords
Children aged 2 to 59 months, SCAP, outcomes