Experimental Study on Sheep Infested With Bovicola Ovis and Melophagus Ovinus of Pathological Changes, Processed Skin Defect and Effect of Treatment in Improving Skin Quality
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Date
2015-10
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Addis Ababauniversity
Abstract
Experimental study was conducted from January, 2015 to August, 2015 on sheep experimentally infested by B .ovis and M. ovinus with the objective of identifying specific pathological changes they induce, the type of defect at pickle and their effect on skin quality and effect of treatment on resumption of skin to normal state. For this purpose, thirty indigenous sheep of Arsi origin approximately 18 months age were bought from market. They were treated against infection and parasites and kept for a month to stabilize them before the commencement of the experiment. The sheep were then grouped in to five groups each with six individual sheep as non-infested control, B .ovis infested untreated, B .ovis infested treated, M. ovinus infested untreated and M. ovinus infested treated. B .ovis and M. ovinus were manually collected from donor sheep; identified, counted and then infested at 500 B .ovis and 50 M. ovinus per sheep to the respective treatment groups. All groups were managed under similar condition and followed for 95 days and Sheep within the infested treated groups were treated with diazinon and followed for additional 30 days. The total WBC count was increased in B .ovis and M. ovinus infested groups compared to non-infested control group. However, the statistically significant was only for groups infested by M. ovinus (P< 0.05). In all infested groups the differential leukocyte count was increased; nevertheless, the significant difference was only for eosinophil (P <0.05). The common gross lesions noticed were skin discoloration with excreta, crust formation, macules and erythema for M. ovinus and B .ovis with slight difference in intensity of lesion. Microscopically, hyperkeratosis and acanthosis were more severe in groups infested by M. ovinus than B .ovis. The density of inflammatory cells infiltrating dermis was severely intensive in groups infested by M. ovinus than B .ovis. In groups that were treated, the gross pathological lesions except skin discoloration were totally disappeared within 30 days; nonetheless, the microscopic lesions persisted with a decrease in number of inflammatory cells specifically that of eosinophils. At pickle stage M. ovinus was characterized by large elevated cockles and B .ovis by extensive but small cockles. All processed skins from B.ovis and M. ovinus infested groups degraded and lied toward the stages of moderate
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grades (5 or 6) and less which is very poor. In treated group 50% of the processed skins from B .ovis were improved in quality and were lied to grades 1 to 4 (very good to good) but only 33% of skin from M. ovinus were improved and lied to 1 to 4 grades. It could be concluded that infestation by B .ovis and M. ovinus cause severe to mild gross pathological lesions however severe microscopic lesions to sheep skin and reduced the quality of processed skin from top grades to low grade. Definitely treatment improves skin quality but not in all affected skin, and varies between B .ovis and M. ovinus.
Keywords: B.ovis, Cockle, Ethiopia, Experiment, Lesion, M. ovinus, Sheep, Skin
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Keywords
B.ovis, Cockle, Ethiopia, Experiment, Lesion, M ovinus, Sheep, Skin