Ethiopia Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
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Date
2017-06
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Addis Abeba Universty
Abstract
Introduction-Acute Watery Diarrhea/AWD remains major challenges of disease and death in developing countries due to poor socio-economic growth. Goro district of Bale zone started to report suspected AWD cases in December 2016. We conducted outbreak investigation in the district to identify risk factors for transmission and implement appropriate control measures.
Methods-Descriptive study followed by 1:1un -matched case control study was applied from February 3-18/2017. Cases were defined as per national cholera guideline standard case definition and controls were residents of Goro district who is greater than or equal to two years and had no complain of clinical sign consistent with AWD one month prior to the outbreak. We used structured questionnaire to collect data from cases and controls, reviewed line list, used Epi info 7 to calculate odds ratio, Excel 2010 and ArcGIS 10 for data analysis.
Results- A total of 523 AWD cases and zero deaths were reported from December 09, 2016 – April 30, 2017 G.C. Seven of ten samples tested by RDT were positive for V. Cholera 01. More than half of cases were males and between 15-44 years age group. The overall attack rate of the outbreak was 4.8/1000 populations. Welta‘i Negeya and Billi Akiya were the most affected kebles of the district with attack rate of 25.5 and 15.2 per 1000 populations respectively. Presence of AWD sick person in village AOR= 10.78, 95% CI (3.44-33.76) P value =0.0000 remain independent risk factors for transmission and spread of AWD in bivariate and logistic regression analysis while washing hand greater than three times in a day and time to fetch water from source less than one hour remain protective against the disease. No significant association between using river water as source of drinking and acquiring the disease in multivariate analysis due to small sample size or confounding. Behavioral change communication on hand washing, water purification methods and awareness of presence of AWD outbreak in village for all residents of the district is important to stop the spread of disease.
Key Words: Acute Watery Diarrhea, Ethiopia, Goro district. Words: 329
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Keywords
Acute Watery Diarrhea, Ethiopia, Goro district. Words: 329