Assessment of knowledge ,attitude, practice and associated factors of oral care in adult intensive care unit among nurses working in federally administered public hospitals, Addis Abeba,Ethiopia,2019.
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Date
2019-06
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Introduction: Normally the oral cavity of human being is colonized by many different groups of
microorganisms which have a crucial role in both health and disease. The oral flora of critically
ill adults differs from that of healthy adults secondary to host defense and exogenous agents.
Oral care is an essential element of intensive care nursing.
Objective:
To assess knowledge, attitude, practice and associated factors of oral care for
intensive care unit patients among nurses working at federally administered public hospital in
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from April 5-25, 2019.
Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study with pre tested structured questionnaires was
conducted among 115 nurses. All nurse working in the intensive care unit of federally
administered public hospitals during the study period were included in the study. Bivariate and
multivariate logistic regression was computed to identify associated factors of knowledge,
attitude and practice of oral care and variables with p< 0.05 were considered statistically
significant.
Result: The mean age of the participants was 27.87±4.240 years and the mean years of
experience was 2.85 years. Only 25.2% of nurses have good knowledge about oral care with
mean knowledge score of 5.765±1.97. The proportions of nurses who have positive attitude were
79.1% with a mean attitude score of 32.6±5.21. Only 42.6% of nurses have good oral care
practice with a mean practice score of 36.43±7.69. Practice and attitude have a significant
correlation (p=0.015). Lack of time (AOR=0.176, CI=0.068, 0.454, P=0.000) and lack of
equipment (AOR=0.214, CI=0.079, 0.578, P=0.002) have a significant association with oral care
practice in ICU.
Conclusion and recommendation: The knowledge of nurses was poor and practices to oral care
found poor. Statistically significant associations were found between oral care practice and lack
of time and equipment. There is need to improve nurses knowledge and practices to promote care
provided to patients by involving them in educational, training programs. There is also a need for
adequate staffing and equipping the intensive care unit to reduce lack of time and equipment’s.
Evidence based practice should be encouraged and written protocols must be followed by nurses.
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Keywords
Oral care, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Factors, ICU, Nurses.