Ethiopia Field Epidemiology Training Program (EFETP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology
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Date
2015-06
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Addis Abeba Universty
Abstract
Background: Measles is the leading causes of death among young children. Though a safe and cost-effective vaccine is available measles occur as outbreak. In 2013, there were 145,700 measles deaths globally. In Africa, about 13 million cases and 650,000 deaths occur annually, with sub-Saharan Africa having the highest morbidity and mortality. Due to an increase in vaccination coverage in developing countries there has been a significant change in the epidemiology of measles such as higher incidence in older children and young adults. The aim of investigation was to assess risk factors and institute doable intervention measures. Methods: We applied the case definition, a maculopapular rash and fever with coryza, conjunctivitis or cough, to select cases of measles. We conducted 1:2 unmatched case-control study from May 2-10 /2015. Data was collected using structured questionnaire. Analysis was done using Epi Info 7 and SPSS software. Then, Odds Ratio with 95% CI and P-value were used to measure the significance of association in bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Of 143 reported cases, half of them were females. The median age of cases was10 (Q1=4, Q3=19) years while that of controls was 9 (Q1=5, Q3=15) years. The overall attack rate (AR) was 218/100,000. It was higher among 15-44 years (471/100,000). No death reported throughout the outbreak. Being vaccinated against measles was 85% less likely contracting measles [AOR: 0.15, (95% CI: 0.06, 0.38, P< 0.0001)], contact history with cases [AOR: 7.1, (95% CI: 2.4, 12.6, P < 0.0001)]. Conclusion: Adults and children greater 15 years old were more affected. Absence of vaccination and contact with cases were found to be risk factors. We searched cases house to house and provided case management to stop the epidemic. Strengthening the routine surveillance activity and EPI program were recommended to the district health office. Key words: Measles, Mota, Case control, outbreak
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Keywords
Measles, Mota, Case control, outbreak