Inheritance Variation in some Human Morphogenetic Traits Among School Age Children of Kale Primary School Kolfea Keraniyo Subcity Addis Ababa
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Date
2021-11-03
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Morphogenetic characters are physical characters of an individual which are inherited
and expressed in different ways. Therefore, this makes it ideal to know the extent of
variation among population. However, few studies have been conducted in Ethiopia to
know the extent of variation that exist in different races. The study was focused on six
morphogenetic characteristics such as tongue rolling, ear lobe attachment, hair line
distribution, bent little finger, hitchhiker’s thumb, and palmaris longus muscle (PLM)
among the students of kale primary school Addis Ababa Ethiopia. The aim of this
study was to find out the inheritance variation of some morphogenetic traits among
children of kale primary school having age between 13-18 years. A cross-sectional
study was carried out on 325(170 males and 155 females) volunteer students to
explore the extent of variation in some morphogenetic traits and to give awareness
about the application of morphological variation of the human external ear and that
could be translatable for forensic recording of fugitives. The investigator collected the
required information by observing the subject and the result was analyzed and
association study of traits were conducted by using chi-square test of independence
with alpha value of 5% level of significance to identify which trait has association
with gender. The study presented distribution of traits in the following order, widow’s
peak 116(35.7%) where most males 63(37.1%) exhibit this trait, tongue rolling
242(74.5%) and it was dominated by males 128(75.3%), free ear lobe 217(66.8%) it
was also found more in males 115(67.6%), straight thumb 188(57.8%) the difference
between gender was found marginal, bent little finger 59(18.2%) which was
dominated by females 42(27.1%) and PLM presence 313(96.3%) and absence of this
muscle was frequently observed in females 10(6.5%) and as we understand from
this study, 96% were found to have PLM muscle, which indicates that there is a
sufficient tendon that is essential for various medical procedures. Association
evaluation showed no significant association was found between all morphogenetic
traits and ages, however, it was found that there is significant association between
gender and bent little finger(Χ 2=15.950, p<0.001) and between gender and absence of
PLM(Χ 2=6.345, p<0.005). Since the study was conducted in heterogeneous
population it is suitable for biomedical, anthropological and forensic studies.
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Keywords
Dominant Genes, Recessive Genes, Hitchhiker's Thumb, Human Traits, Morphogenetic Traits, Palmaris Longus Muscle (Plm)