Prevalence of digital ridge and palmar crease pattern types and associated factors among high school students in Dessie town, Northeast Ethiopia.
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Date
2020-08
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Introduction: The term dermatoglyphics is composed of two Greek words, “derma” and “glyphic”
meaning skin and curves respectively. It indicates the study of the epidermal ridge configuration
on the fingers, palms and soles. Palmar creases or lines are epidermal flexure lines present on
palmar surface of the hands .These are unique, permanent and genetically controlled
morphological variables. Dermatoglyphics and palmar creases are important tools for diagnosis of
congenital diseases, personal identification, and criminal investigations.
Objective: This study aims to assess prevalence and associated factors of digital ridge and palmar
crease pattern types, among high school students in Dessie town, Northeast Ethiopia.
Methods and materials: A cross- sectional survey qualitative and quantitative study was
conducted. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select study subjects. The data was
collected using self-administer structured questionnaires and by observational checklist after
taking photograph of fingers and palms of students. A Pearson chi-square test, Independent t-test,
bivariable and multivariable multinomial logistic regression models were employed using SPSS
(version 20). Significance was set at p value less than 0.05.
Results: : Most of the study participants had loop type digital ridge pattern which accounts 60.2%,
whereas whorl and arch types accounted 32.2% and 7.6% respectively. Females were less likely
to have arch pattern (AOR=0.57; 95%CI: 0. 40, 0.82) and loop pattern (AOR=0.69; 95%CI: 0.61,
0.8) than whorl pattern, when the rest variables are kept constant. Being right hand had higher
loop pattern (AOR=1.19; 95%CI: 1.04, 1.36) than whorl pattern. The mean difference of ridge
count was significantly higher among male students (0.005) and whorl pattern types (0.001).
Among variant palmar crease types Simian crease pattern (5.9%) was the most common followed
by Suwon crease pattern (3.5%), and Sydney crease pattern was the least (2.7%). Normal palmar
crease was significantly higher among females but variant palmar creases are significantly higher
among males (0.03).
Conclusion: The loop type was the most prevalent type of digital ridge pattern. The mean of ridge
count of male was higher than female students. Among the palmar crease pattern, Normal crease
pattern was the most prevalent type and the common type among the variant palmar crease patterns
was Simian crease.
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Keywords
Dermatoglyphics, Arch, Loop, Whorl, Simian crease, Sydney crease, Suwon crease.