The Impact of Horizontal Urban Expansion on Sub- Urban Agricultural Community Livelihood: The Case of Tabor Sub-City, Hawassa city, SNNPRS, Ethiopia
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Date
2010-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Throughout the world, we find human being residing either in urban or rural or in betweenperi-
urban or peri-rural. Both urbanization and ruralism are counter competing areas whereas the area between is the field of contest. Globally, urbanization has as equal age as the ancient civilization of Babylonians. As it is concomitant with socio-economic development, urbanization
has a higher level of development in developed nations than under developed ones.In Ethiopia, although its level is the lowest even among other under developed nations, its rate, however, is the highest and made a country one of twenty-three countries experiencing fast urbanization in the World. As a matter of this fact, Hawassa city is among the Ethiopian urban settings experiencing unprecedented rate of urbanization through expansion. Hence, the objective of this
study was to assess the impacts of horizontal urban expansion on peri-urban agricultural
community's livelihood in Ethiopia by taking the Tabor sub-city as a case in Hawassa city,
SNNPRS. Based on the descriptive research design, the study had applied the mix methods of both Qualitative and Quantitative approaches. A household survey was conducted on 156 households sampled through systematic sampling and non-random sampling techniques.
Primary data had been collected through semi-structured questionnaire, semi-closed interview,
participant observation and focus group discussion while the secondary one was from different written and documented sources. Having analyzing the collected data through the SSPS software as a model, the researcher had arrived at the conclusion that horizontal urban expansion has adverse impact on the livelihood of peri-urban agricultural community in Ethiopia, as theHawassa city case had shown us. Hence, the livelihood of such community has been at the verge of risk. This negative externality was attributed mainly to lack of urban good governance & lack of effective rules and regulations on land expropriation from and compensation to farmers while
the difference in wealth, power, educational background, family size burdens, livelihood
strategies and diversity before and after expropriation were determining factors. Thus, it is therecommendation of this study that there is a need to prevail urban good governance to curtail the problem, especially, following participatory approach on stakeholders, particularly,
farmers, in to urban development plans and projects, there should exist effective rules and regulations which guide expropriation from and compensation to farmers when their land is expropriated for public interest, there should, also, be consideration of the recipients' interests on kind and quantity of compensation and if money is only possible resolutions on a kind of compensation to farmers', then, pre-trainings and post coaching need to be carried out to enable such community sustain and secure their livelihood in such changed and continuously rechanging urban terrains
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Food Security