Effect of Climate Smart Agriculture Practices on Income and Food Security of Wheat and Teff Grower Farmers in Gimbichu Woreda, Oromia, Ethiopia
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Date
2020-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Crop production does play an important role in Ethiopia's economy by generating income as
well as fulfilling the need of food. Gimbichu Woreda, is one of the potential area for crop
production in Oromiya Regional state. Climate change impact has threatened this potential
production area from time to time. Because of this, farmers are observed adopting different
practices, i.e., climate smart agricultural (CSA) practices in the woredas of FAO, that help them
to reduce the impacts and enhance the resilience of the farming system.. This study was aimed to
assess the intensity of adoption, effect of adoption on food security and income of farming
households and to identify the determinants of adoption intensity of CSA practices in Gimbichu
woreda, East Shewa of Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia. Multistage sampling
techniques were employed to select study area (Gimbichu woreda) and household respondents.
A total of 204 households were selected using purposive sampling method and household survey
was also conducted with structured questionnaire. Multiple linear regression models was used to
analyze the effect of CSA adoption intensity on income and food security and to identify the
factor that affect adoption intensity on income and food security and to identify the factors that
affect adoption intensity. It was found that reducing tillage, crop diversification practices which
include ( new crops and crop varieties, pest resistance, high yielding, drought tolerant and short
season varieties) and crop rotation are the most widely adopted practices with 99.5%, 97.5%
and 90.2% households practicing them, respectively. Whereas, tree based conservation
agriculture was the least adopted practice with (15.7%) household practicing it. It could be
concluded that high intensity level of climate smart crop production adopter households are
likely better off in food security and income status. From targeted determining factors sex of
household head, family labor size, farm land size, extension service, participation of social
institutions, distance to market where buy agricultural input, accessing weather information,
possessing irrigation and off-farm income are statistically significant at 0.05 level of significant
in relation to adoption intensity of the practices. It could be concluded that high intensity level of
climate smart crop production adopter households are likely better off in food security status.
Finally, it could be recommended that every stakeholder in the sector (Agriculture) should better
understand and take into account the factors that were identified in the study while implementing
the climate smart crop production.
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Keywords
CSA, Food security, Income, Adoption intensity