Hematological Profiles of War Trauma Patients Subjected to Long Hospital Stays at Armed Forces Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Date
2024-06-13
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Hematological parameters such as leukocytes, neutrophils, hemoglobin, red blood cell distribution width, reticulocytes, and platelets, may be altered due to exposure to trauma. Published study is lacking assessing these values and derivative ratios.
Objective: To determine the Hematological Abnormalities of War Trauma Patients Subjected to long hospital stays at Armed Forces Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (AFCSH), Ethiopia.
Method: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted involving 422 patients admitted at AFCSH from December 2023 to March 2024. Socio-demographic data and clinical information was collected using a questionnaire. A complete blood count analysis was done using Beckman coulter Dx800.The significant factors of hematological abnormalities of war trauma patients subjected to long hospital stay were assessed from the data and test result was analyzed by using SPSS version 27 statistical software. P values were deemed statistically significant if they were less than 0.05.
Result: The majority of the patients (94.3%) were male, and their mean age was 23 years (SD=5). Following brain injuries (22.3%), lower extremity injuries (46%) were the most common. Of the patients who reported infections after being admitted, 145 of the patients had wound infections, which accounted for 34.4% of all cases;75.8% received transfusions, and 36% hadsurgeries.The highest mean white blood cell (WBC) (10.7+/-16.7 x109/L) and neutrophils (7.8+/-13.5x109/L) were seen in patients with abdominal injury. Mean Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)was highest in those with chest and abdominal double injury (10.1+/-10.2) same with Monocyte to lymphocyte ratio(MLR) 0.5+/-0.2and Platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) 259.3+/ 126.5. Bonferroni adjustment post hoc comparisons revealed that patients with wound infections had significantly higher WBC counts than patients without infections (mean difference = 2.252, SE = 0.7287, p 0.001), Neutrophil r =0.35 (P>0.001), PLR r =0.34 (P=>0.001), and NLR r =0.49 (P=>0.001). Conversely, there is a significant negative correlation between red blood cell, hemoglobin, hematocrit, lymphocyte and length of hospital stay with a p value of P=0.031 P=0.007,P=0.008, and P=0.001 respectively.
Conclusion- The study highlights the potential of CBC markers in predicting patient prognosis and guiding clinical management. Additionally, it underscores the significance of early intervention to mitigate post-admission infections and the importance of effective infection control measures for improved patient outcomes. Integrating these findings into clinical practice can enhance the standard of care and treatment outcomes for war trauma patients.
Key words-Hematological profile, Complete blood count, Trauma, Lengthy Hospital Stay
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Hematological profile Complete blood countTrauma Lengthy Hospital Stay