Assessment of Groundwater-Lake Water Interaction in Lake Hawassa Basin by Using Geochemical Approach
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Date
2025-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
This study investigated the interaction between groundwater and lake water in the Lake Hawassa Basin through a geochemical approach. Utilizing field and laboratory analyses, including measurements of radon, electrical conductivity, pH, and fluoride levels, the research identifies key interaction zones, particularly along the Tikur Wuha River and the southern lake perimeter.
The findings of this research serve as critical input for groundwater drilling site planning and water resource management in the research area. Despite the presence of numerous boreholes, many are utilized for purposes other than drinking due to water quality concerns. The study identifies the eastern (Tikur Wuha river side) and southern (bottom of the lake) zones as direct interaction areas between lake water and groundwater. To mitigate water quality risks, it is recommended to establish well fields outside these interaction zones, preferably closer to Lake Hawassa.
Geochemical analysis reveals that Hawassa City and adjacent lake areas are significantly impacted by high concentrations of fluoride and salinity, particularly within the interaction zones. The observed variations in water chemistry across sampled sources are attributed to the hydrogeological and geological characteristics of the region, influencing the transmission of dissolved materials.
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Keywords
Geochemical Approach, Groundwater, Lake Water, PH, EC, Fluoride, Radon