Prevalence of Depression and Associated Factors among HIV Patients Attending ART Clinic in Alert Hospital, from June 1 To July 31, 2023, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2024-01-16
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: The global HIV/AIDS 2017 report estimated that 36.9 million people were living with HIV/AIDS. Sub-Saharan Africa accounted for around two thirds of the global HIV infection rate, with Eastern and Southern Africa, including Ethiopia, accounting for 43% of new cases. Depressive illness affects 12% to 60% of HIV-positive individuals and is often undiagnosed. A study in Ethiopia found a variable prevalence of depression among HIV/AIDS patients. The study used the PHQ-9 screening tool to measure depression levels and related factors among ART clinic patients.
Objective: The intention of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of depression in HIV patients visiting ART clinic at Alert Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from June 1 to July 31, 2023.
Methods: A Hospital-based cross-sectional research was conducted among adults HIV patients aged 18 years or older visiting ART clinic at Alert Hospital from June 1 to July 31, 2023. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using pre-tested structured questionnaires and patient chart review. The final sample size was 356 participants selected through convenience sampling. The collected data were imported into EPI Data 3.1 where they were coded, sorted, processed and validated using SPSS version 27.
Result: The outcome showed that 47.8% of people had depression (95% CI: 45.41 - 50.19). Furthermore, multivariable analysis revealed that the following factors were statistically significant: alcohol [AOR= 1.959; 95% CI: 1.008, 3.808), perceived HIV stigma [AOR=1.978% CI: 1.252, 3.124)], poor social support [AOR= 1.500 95% CI: (1.252, 3.124)], and WHO HIV stage [AOR=0.585(0.331, 1.034)].
Conclusion: This study showed that nearly half of the ART clinic's patients affected by depression. Depressive symptoms were substantially correlated with alcohol consumption, a lack of social support, and the perception of HIV stigma.
Recommendation: Many HIV-positive patients in the ART clinic suffer from depression. Therefore, we advise organizations implementing HIV programs to manage depression in patients who are HIV positive and to conduct routine screenings using the PHQ-9 Depression Assessment Tool and researchers to carry out prospective design studies for better result.
Description
Keywords
Depression and Associated Factors