Finite-Time Thermodynamic Processes of a Spin-One Quantum Electric Dipole System Department:
| dc.contributor.advisor | Bekele, Mulugeta (PhD) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Bassie, Yigermal | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-08-09T08:35:16Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-11-09T11:26:37Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2021-08-09T08:35:16Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-11-09T11:26:37Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020-09-25 | |
| dc.description.abstract | We take a collection of large non-interacting spin one particles, each having an electric dipole of magnitude D in contact with a heat reservoir at temperature T . We apply a strong static electric field, E0, to the system along a z-axis causing three level split energy values. In addition to the strong electric field, applying a weak AC electric field in the xyplane induced transitions between the three levels. Through a given protocol _(t), the system is taken from an initial thermodynamic equilibrium state F(T ;_i ) to a final non-equilibrium state with parameter _f . We analytically obtain the expressions for the probability amplitudes for a transition from one particular initial state to the other two final states. This will enable us to find the work distributions of a finite-time process of taking the system from one initial state to either of the two final states of the three-level system. This finite-time non-equilibrium process will then enable us to extract equilibrium thermodynamic quantities like free energy from non-equilibrium process, which is what we call Jarzanski equality and its relation to the second law of thermodynamics. We obtain the possibilities of work distributions of the three-level system in the optimum condition for non-interacting particles. Besides, we empirically obtain the average work of the three-level system as a function of ! and time around the optimum frequency, where ! is the frequency of AC electric field. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://10.90.10.223:4000/handle/123456789/27636 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | en_US |
| dc.subject | Finite-Time | en_US |
| dc.subject | Thermodynamic | en_US |
| dc.subject | Processes | en_US |
| dc.subject | Spin-One Quantum | en_US |
| dc.subject | Electric Dipole System Department | en_US |
| dc.title | Finite-Time Thermodynamic Processes of a Spin-One Quantum Electric Dipole System Department: | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |