Isolation, molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Salmonella from poultry and poultry products in central Ethiopia
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Date
2022
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Salmonella is the leading cause of foodborne infection in food of animal origin including poultry derived food. Even though studies on occurrence of salmonella in poultry have been conducted in central Ethiopia, comprehensive study on salmonella contamination in poultry and poultry product is scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study is to isolate, molecularly detect and assess antimicrobial resistance patterns of salmonella in poultry and poultry products. A cross sectional
study was conducted from November 2021 to June 2022 in central Ethiopia. A total of 560 samples were collected from different establishments and analyzed for presence of salmonella. Frequency and prevalence were calculated for descriptive analysis whereas uni and multivariate logistic regression were used to measure the association of risk factors with occurrence of salmonella. p>0.05 was considered significant. 73.2% of 18 farms were positive for salmonella
with sample level prevalence 11.3% (63/560). Salmonella was more isolated from meat samples (11.6%), Bishoftu (11.9%), large flock size (12.5%) and Eggs from market (13.3%). Serotype distribution showed that S.Typhimurium was dominant among serovar isolated. Salmonella occurrence was significantly associated to sources of samples (P=0 .04). In addition, all salmonella positive samples from backyard chicken were found to be serovar S.Typhimurium,
which suggests less hygiene status and biosecurity in backyard environment. Antibiogram profiles revealed that all isolate were resistant to minimum three and maximum to 14 of 15 tested drugs. The maximum and minimum resistance index recorded was 0.93 and 0.2 respectively. In conclusion, high prevalence of salmonella recorded in chicken meat that indicates less hygiene status of workers and the working environment. MDR feature of the strain also alerts risk for the public health of consumer. This suggests the need for further epidemiological study and implementation of strong regulation on poultry food chain through cross-sectoral collaboration to reduce the risk of drug resistant foodborne infection
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Keywords
Antimicrobial resistance, Salmonella, Molecular techniques, Foodborne infection, Poultry