Survey and Serological Identification of Viruses Infecting Garlic (Allium sativum L.) in Ethiopia
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Date
2010-07
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the most important bulb vegetables, which is used as spice
and flavoring agent for foods and as medicinal plant. It is produced throughout the world
including Ethiopia. Garlic is infected by numerous systemic viruses including the genus
Potyvirus, Carlavirus and Allexivirus. There is no any research report available about garlic
viruses in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study is aimed at survey of garlic virus diseases and detection
of garlic viruses by DAS-ELISA. A survey was conducted in the year 2009 to identify viruses
infecting garlic (Allium sativum L.) in different growing areas of Ethiopia. Surveys conducted to
assess the status of virus diseases affecting garlic in the major growing areas of Ethiopia
indicated that leaf yellowing; yellow mosaic, stripes and stunting were the most common disease
symptoms observed. The highest visually observed disease incidence in a field was 93%,
recorded in the Arsi zone of Oromia region. When 520 symptomatic and asymptomatic samples
collected from 56 fields from major garlic growing areas of Ethiopia were tested by the double
antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(DAS-ELISA) for four viruses (OYDV,
LYSV,GV-B and GV-C), 119 samples (23%) were found to be infected with at least one virus.
GV-B, member of Allexivirus was the most frequent (17.7%), followed by OYDV, member of
Potyvirus (5.6%) and GV-C (4.8%) which is Allexivirus. LYSV was detected only in 7 samples.
Mixed infections were also very common. Among the mixed infections, the most common one
was GV-B +GV-C( 2.5%) followed by GVB+OYDV( 1.7%) and GV- B +LYSV(0.8%). The
incidence of GVB+GVC+OYDV was 0.4 %.
Key words: Allium sativum, DAS-ELISA, Garlic, Garlic virus B, Garlic virus C, Leak yellow
Strip Virus, Onion Yellow Dwarf Virus.
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Keywords
Allium sativum, DAS-ELISA, Garlic virus B, Garlic virus C,, Leak yellow Strip Virus, Onion Yellow Dwarf Virus