Prevalence of Anemia and its Association with Body Mass Index among Adolescent Girls in Wayu Tuka District, East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia, a School Based Study, 2016
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Date
2016-06
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Addis Abeba Universty
Abstract
Back ground: Adolescence covers 10-19 years of human age. It is considered as a nutritionally
critical period of life. Rapid growth and changes that occurs during adolescences demands both
macro and micronutrients including iron. The pre-pregnancy nutritional status of young girls is
important as it impacts on the course and the outcome of their pregnancy. Hence, addressing the
nutritional needs of adolescents could be an important step towards breaking the vicious cycle of
intergenerational malnutrition.
Objective: To determine the magnitude of anemia and its correlation with body mass index
among school going adolescent girls in wayu tuka district ,Oromia,Ethiopia,2016.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study design using multi-stage sampling technique was
employed. A total of 454 sample size was estimated and the sampled students were
proportionally allocated to each selected schools based on their total adolescent girls population.
Structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-economic and demographic characteristics of
participants. Data were entered using Epi-data version 3.1 and Statistical software (STATA
version12) was employed for analysis. Anthropometric data was computed by WHO Anthro plus
software (Version 1.0.4, 2010). Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to test
the association between dependent and independent variables. For all statistical tests, significance
level was set at p-value of <0.05.
Result: Off 448 participants most 54% were in aged between 10-14 years with mean age of
14(+2) years. About three quarter (75%) of them were from rural. BAZ and HAZ mean scores of
the adolescent were -0.16 (+1.15SD) and -0.48 + (1.14SD), respectively .Thinness and stunting
occurred among 6.7% and 6.9% of adolescent by having (BAZ<−2SD) and (HAZ <−2SD)
respectively. The overall proportion of anemia among studied adolescent was 27% (95% CI:
22.9- 31%), of which 23%, 3.8% and 0.2% had mild, moderate and severe anemia respectively.
Strongest predictor to anemia were age (AOR=4.8 95%CI=2.7-8.5) status of menarche
(AOR=2.3, 95%CI=1.34-4.2) and place of residence (AOR=3.7 95%CI=1.9 -7).Not consuming
of vegetables, (AOR= 3.2 95%CI=1.5-6.7) and Milk consumption (AOR= 3 95%CI=1.5 -6.7)
were also the significant determinant of anemia .However socio-economic status, educational
status, and BMI did not show any significant association with anemia.
Conclusion: Anemia among school going adolescent girls was moderate public health problem.
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Socio demographic factors like Age, place of residence, menarche status and diets like, low
consumption of vegetables and high consumption of milk were the significant determinants of
anemia. It is recommended that interventions and strategies aimed at addressing anemia
effectively in this population should be strengthened.
Key words: Adolescent ,Anemia ,Body mass index
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Keywords
Adolescent ,Anemia ,Body mass index