Contraceptive Hormones and HIV Transmission in Female Factory Workers in Addis Ababa
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Date
1999-12
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to October 1999 in
female factory workers (FFWs) in one of the factories in Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia . The objective was to study the effect of contraceptive
hormones on 'HIV-1 acquisition .
Purposive sampling was used for the study . All
participate and age lS-45 years were included and
FFWs willing to
interviewed. Blood
samples were taken from each respondent for HIV and syphilis test .
Characteristics of the FFWs were compared between those using and not
using contraceptive hormones . Chi-square were applied where ever
appropriate . Identification of risk factors for HIV infection among
FFWs was performed using univariate and multivariate analysis (logistic
regression model) .
A total of 350 FFWs were enrolled in the study . Their mean age was 37
years. Most of the study participants had primary level education(79%
were less than grade 6) and married(77%) .
Women who were taking hormonal contraceptive on average had a lower
risk for HIV as majority are married ,in oral contraceptive users
(00 . 6%) and injectable hurmune users (86 . 2%) .
In multivariate analys is, variable independently associated with
protecti ve effect against HIV infection were : Age group 35-39 years
(OR=0 . 10, 95%CI= 0 . 02-0 . 70) and education level grade 7-12
(OR=0 . 23,95%CI= 0 . 10-0 . 95) . Variables independently associated with an
increase risk o f HIV infection were : being separated (OR= 4.25, 95%CI=
1 . 56-11 . 6) and being widowed (OR=8 . 28 , 95%CI=2 . 90 - 23 . 4)
with refe rence catagory married ; and having casual sex partner
(OR=S . 9 , 95%CI =1 . 7-47 . 5) compared with those having no casual partner .
There was no association between HIV sero-positivity and oral
contraceptive and injectable contraceptive hormones use .
The over all HIV prevalence was remarkably high(12%)among FFWs in A.A.
Based on the results of this study strengthening interventions aimed at
adolecents and youth and prospective study specially from women with
long duration of hormonal contraceptive use are recommended
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Keywords
Female factory workers (FFWs)