Inpatient Prevalence of Symptomatic Venous Thromboembolism and Associated Factors in Tuberculosis Patients, in two Major Referral Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2025-06-05
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Introduction: Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE), yet data on VTE prevalence and predictors in TB-endemic, resource limited settings including in Ethiopia remain scarce.
Objective: To assess the inpatient prevalence of VTE and associated factors in TB patients in Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital(TASH) and St. Peter Hospital, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from January to December 2024.
Methods: A hospital-based study was conducted among selected referral hospitals, enrolling 122 TB patients. Data on socio-demographics, clinical profiles, radiological findings, and VTE diagnosis were collected. Multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of VTE.
Results: A total of 122 (93 from St. Petros Hospital and 29 from TAS) patients were hospitalized with a diagnosis of TB during the study period. They were predominantly male (60.7%) and aged 18–39 years (56.6%). The prevalence of VTE was (15/122) 12.3% (95%CI, 7.0-19.5%), with 93.3% of cases diagnosed after anti-TB treatment initiation and 50.0% (7/14) of the cases occurring after 4 weeks of anti-TB treatment. Only 41% of patients received VTE prophylaxis Anemia (64.6%females,78.4%males)andthrombocytopenia(34.4%)werecommonhematologic abnormalities. HIV is the most prevalent (23.0%) among comorbidities. Extrapulmonary TB was independently associated with VTE (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 5.35, 95% CI: 1.04–27.41, p = 0.04). Cavitary pulmonary TB (AOR = 6.65, p = 0.08) and female sex (AOR = 5.29, p = 0.09) showed elevated but non-significant odds.
Conclusion: VTE is prevalent among hospitalized TB patients in Ethiopia, particularly those with extrapulmonary involvement. Routine screening, targeted thromboprophylaxis for high-risk subgroups (e.g., EPTB), and standardized protocols are urgently needed to mitigate morbidity in TB-endemic regions. XI
Keywords: Tuberculosis, VTE, PE, DVT, Ethiopia
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Tuberculosis VTE PE DVT Ethiopia