Effect of Iron Source, Dose and Bioavailability on Zinc and Copper Status of Wistar Rats
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Date
2019-10
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
M icronuttien! deficiencies constitute important nutritional and public health problems affecting
billions of people globally and the prominent one is iron deficiency. To mitigate iron deficiency
number of tcchniques used and fortification is the best intervcntional strategy that can be used to
improve the iron status of population. Recently, there was a concem for extrinsic/geophagy iron for
being sale part of Ethiopian Teffcereal, reported for being bioavailable and alleviated iron deficiency
in-vivo study. In addition, it is presumed that on-top of adequate dietary iron intake the extrinsic iron
consumption sum effect will surpass the recommended iron intake. However, its toxicological and
potential negative interaction on other micronutrient status effect not yet been di scovered. Our study
aimed chronic intake of adequate dietaty iron combined with excess dose of extrinsic source iron effect
on iron, zinc and copper status using in vivo model (weaning male Wistar rats). We fed diet formulated
with adequate dose of iron sulfate (35 ppm)/Control group was compared with five expetimental
groups which consumed dietary different dose (adequate/excess) or bioavailability (low/high) index
iron without or with excess dose of extrinsic soil source iron formulated di et intake and investigated
body weight, liver weight, iron, zinc and copper status for all groups. Excess extrinsic source iron (350
ppm) with adequate dose of electrolyte iron (70 ppm) and excess dose of electrolyte iron (350 ppm)
formulated diet fed groups showed statistically insignificant growth rate, liver weight, serum iron and
copper level compared to control group(P<0.05). Similarly, only excess extrinsic source iron (350
ppm) fOlmulated diet consumed group measured parameters were consistent to control group except,
serum iron level inconsistency. However, extrinsic iron source (350 ppm) with adequate dose of iron
su lfate (35 ppm) formul ated diet fed group showed that significantly lower growth rate, higher serum
iron and lower serum copper level (P<0.05) and presumed to be iron overloaded. While, adequate dose
of electrolyte iron formulated diet consumed group showed lower serum iron and higher serum copper
status(P<0.05) and presumed to be iron deficient. All study groups serum zinc findings were not
statistically significantly different (p<0.05). Since, we investigated mainly serum level we could not
reach concrete conclusion for zinc status and presumed findings. Based on our study, in order to reach
clear confonnation measurements for biomarker, antioxidant agent and organ level study further study
in future wi 11 fi II our gaps.
Therefore, adequate dose of high bioavailable fortificant like iron sulfate combined with excessive
dose of extrinsic/soil iron consumption could led to iron-overload and other micronutrient status
variation so, while fortifi cation and supplementation programs implementation special attention
needed for program and policy developers to consider extrinsic/soil source iron in order to avoid public
health issues.
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Keywords
Effect of Iron Source