Magnitude and Outcome of Hepatoblastoma in Pediatrics Age Group in Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Date
2021-10
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Hepatoblatsoma is the most common primary malignant liver tumor in pediatrics
most often occurs within the first 3 years of age. Most common clinical presentation is
abdominal distension or abdominal mass. It is more common in south East Asia and Africa.
There are multiple associated factors which determine the magnitude and prognosis factor of
hepatoblatsoma. Indeed, Knowledge about the magnitude and outcome of hepatoblatsoma will
help in designing prevention and early management intervention, thereby reducing the severity
of the illness and Death of patients.
Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was done by collecting retrospective data from
patient charts of patient evaluated at pediatrics hemato-oncology unit at TikurAnbesaa
Specialized Hospital (TASH) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, during the period June 2010 to July
2021GC. All patients whose records meet the inclusion were reviewed. Data cleaning and
analysis was conducted by the principal investigator. The data was summarized using frequency
distributions and summary tables and figures. The data was further analyzed using descriptive
statistics and survival analysis by applying Kaplan Meier statistics. Conclusions of the study
were drawn based on the analyses results.
Result: A total of 25 patients fulfill the inclusion criteria were enrolled almost three forth of the
study participant were under 2 years, around 52% were females, majority of them were delivered
at term (72%) and had normal birth weight (64%).Most of the patient came from rural area
(64%).All patients had abdominal ultrasound and abdominal-pelvic CT scan which is suggestive
of HB and around 64% of the mass involve both lobe of the liver.
Major clinical manifestations like abdominal mass and abdominal pain were present on all
patients followed by weight loss (80%) and anorexia (64%). Most of the patient had elevated
AFP >1000ng/ml (80%) and thrombocytosis (56%). 64% of the patients had PRETEXT stage 3
HB.
Magnitude of hepatoblatsoma in the last 10 years in tikuranbesa specialized hospital were
(25,2%) when we compared it with total solid tumors seen in the past 10 years .
Most of the patient started chemotherapy (21, 84%) ,Cisplatin based regimen was most
commonly used regimen. Surgery was done only for 20% of the patient. Almost all post-surgical
patients got improved.
The correlation function of tumor size decrement after treatment with serum AFP after treatment
and cycle of chemotherapy had significant correlation with P –value of 0.000 and 0.034
respectively.
Conclusion: hepatoblatsoma is the most common liver tumor in less than 5 year since surgery is
the main stay of management most of our patients died within 6month to 1 year after hospital
stay even before surgery, almost all of the survived children undergone surgical excision.
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Keywords
Hepatoblatsoma, serum AFP, abdominal mass, lobe involvement, death.