A Thesis Submitted to Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources, Addis Ababa University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Science in Water and Health with a Specialization in Water and Public Health
| dc.contributor.advisor | Mengistie Phd, Bezatu | |
| dc.contributor.author | Melaku, Abayneh | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-09-29T09:14:51Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-11-18T08:41:51Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-09-29T09:14:51Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-11-18T08:41:51Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020-06 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Background: Water supply, sanitation and hygiene are the most important things in the creation of a healthy learning environment for students. Accesses to WaSH are basic human needs and rights of every individual. However, many schools in developing countries lack adequate services. The government of Ethiopia included in its development agenda to reach 100% improved WaSH by the schools in 2020. Objective: - The major objective of this study was to assess the status of school water, sanitation and hygiene in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methodology: - Institution based quantitative and qualitative cross-sectional study was carried out in schools of Addis Ababa, from January 20 - March 12, 2020. A multi-stage sampling method was used to select study subjects from inner and peripheral sub-cities. Kirkos from inner and Akaki Kality from peripheral sub-cities were selected by lottery method. Number of schools included in this study were 30% of the schools from two sub-cities i.e. 98 schools. Finally, 98 school directors, 512 students, 12 student health clubs and 12 school administrators were participated in this study. The collected data were entered into EPI Info 7.2.2.6 and analyzed by SPSS 22.0. Frequencies, percentages, ratio were used to describe the status of WaSH and presented in tables, pie and bar charts. The statistical association on status of WaSH facilities analyzed by employing chi-square and for hand washing practices bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was done. The qualitative data were analyzed and described using narrative approaches. Results: The basic school water, sanitation, and hygiene service levels in Addis Ababa were 64 (65.3%), 76 (70.4%) and 36 (36.7%) respectively. The WaSH facility to student ratio was 1:48 for water points, 1:59 for toilet stance and 1:147 for hand washing facility that is more than two times less recommended values. The facility service and facility ratio had great disparities by the school level, sex and the owners, which is better in KG, male and private school. The non-functionality was 22.5% for water, 8% for toilet and 19.5% of hand washing facility. The functionality, usage of WaSH facilities was better in private schools and female students. Female student more likely performed proper hand washing 2.4 times (AOR: 2.439, 95% CI: (1.656, 3.591)) than male. Among the main challenges that hinder school WaSH facilities were lack of budget, poor operation and maintenance, lack of space,water supply interaption and lack of coordination. Conclusions: The overall research finding indicates the school lacks adequate WaSH facilities; the service level was un-satisfactory and less quality. There are pupils that did not use the hand washing facility and lack proper practice. This suggests providing water with soap for hand washing is not enough to encourage students.There should be coordination among stakeholders at all levels to create better school environment. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/12345678/22498 | |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | en_US |
| dc.title | A Thesis Submitted to Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources, Addis Ababa University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Science in Water and Health with a Specialization in Water and Public Health | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |