Designing A Solar PV Powered Reverse Osmosis Desalination System Using Rosa to Clean Lake Basaka Water
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Date
2023-07
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
The freshwater shortage is an issue concerning safe water supply. The availability and usage of
fresh water are critical for human health as well as economic and ecological stability. The
continual increase in salinity and alkalinity hindered the utilization of Lake Basaka for drinking,
irrigation, and residential purposes. In this study, ROSA software is used to design an appropriate
membrane to filter Lake Basaka water at higher rejection and specified recovery, flux, permeate,
and feed flow. The ROSA software-designed TW 30-2540 membrane for the RO System provided
the required permeate flow rate of 0.21 gpm with an applied pressure of 100.94 psig, recovery of
14.89%, rejection of 99.56 %, flux of 10.80 gfd, salt passage of 0.44% at an adjusted feed pH of 8,
and system temperature of 25 °C. As a consequence, ROSA Software designed the TW 30-2540
membrane for solar-powered RO to filter Lake Basaka water without displaying a design warning.
In this regard, a solar-driven reverse osmosis system with five filter stages, including three
pretreatment filter stages, one membrane stage, and one post-treatment filter stage, was used to
filter Lake Basaka water by removing organic and inorganic components such as suspended
particles, dissolved solids, and water pollutants from feed water driven by solar energy as an
energy source. The samples collected for water quality examination were 4 liters of water in a
clean plastic bottle as part of the sampling procedures from Lake Basaka and RO-filtered Lake
Basaka water is evaluated by using AAS and MP-AES, respectively. As comparing Lake Basaka
water analyzed before and after RO filtration Na, Mg, Ca, K, Co3
2-, HCo3
-, Cl-, Barium, Nitrate,
Fluoride, Sulfate, Silicon, and Boron all showed a reduction in mg/l after RO filtration.
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Keywords
Freshwater scarcity, Reverse Osmosis, Lake Basaka, A solar-driven reverse osmosis system, ROSA Software