Countering Crime of TraffickingiIn Persons and Smuggling of Migrants in Ethiopia: The Law and the Practice
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Date
2018-01
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Regular migration is important for development. For instance, European countries have developed immigration policies to encourage foreign-born individuals those who are highly skilled to enter to their country to fill the local economic and labour market need. Remittance enables the state to collect foreign currency to import goods and services. However, unlike irregular migrant, a person who migrates through the legal ways of migration will be able to ask for the entitlement of any rights provided under the international agreement for the migrant worker or permanent residents. Trafficking in person and smuggling of migrants are illegal or irregular means of migration that will take place with the illicit acts of others.
In Ethiopia, individuals and organized groups perpetrate crimes of trafficking in person and smuggling of migrants considerably and as a result, millions of people are detected as a victim. Some individuals work on procuring many Ethiopians to collect millions of dollars while the latter are vulnerable for death, physical and psychological assault etc.
To prevent and repress irregular migration, Ethiopia has ratified all the international legal instruments dealing with these crimes by Proclamation to Ratify United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crimes No. 526/1999, Protocol Against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air Ratification Proclamation No. 736/2004 and Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons Especially Women and Children Ratification Proclamation No. 737/2004 and also adopted the Proclamation to Provide for the Prevention and Suppression of Trafficking in Person and Smuggling of Migrant No. 909/2015. However, crimes of trafficking in person and smuggling of migrants continued to be committed in different forms. Thus, the study tries to point out the legal and practical problems related with countering mechanisms. Finally, the thesis tries to recommend the amendment of Proclamation no. 909/2015 to rectify the existing problems. In addition to this, the thesis devoted to provide some vital recommendations to counter the crime through criminal justice system.
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Crime of Trafficking In Persons