Prevalence and Treatment Outcomes of Tuberculosis at Debre Sina and Armanya Health Centers in Tarmaber Woreda North Shoa Zone, Amhara National Regional State of Ethiopia from 2014-2018
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Date
2019-09-09
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, remains key global public health concern in terms of morbidity, mortality and cost for care. The study aimed at assessing prevalence and treatment outcomes of tuberculosis in the past five years. A retrospective study was conducted by collecting data from TB Registry Unit at Debre Sina and Aremanya health centers from 2014-2018. Study areas were selected using purposive sampling methods and permission was obtained from the study areas. Data were entered and analyzed using the SPSS version 20. A total of 221 TB patients were registered and attended DOTs service in the two governmental health centers. Out of these 116 (52.5%) of the TB patients were males and 105 (47.5%) were females. In this study the proportion of Pulmonary tuberculosis was 175 (79.2%), among these 79 (35.7%) were smear positive, 96 (43.4%) were smear negative, 44 (19.9%) extra pulmonary TB and 2 (0.9%) were Multi drug resistant TB. The highest prevalence of TB cases 137 (62%) occurred in the age group of 15-44 (X2 =26.110, p-value= 0.002). The prevalence of all forms of TB was higher in urban (56.6%) than TB patients were living in rural (43.4%). The prevalence of TB/HIV co-infection in the study area was higher 19% (X2=9.534, p-value 0.023). Finally the study indicated that males were more affected in TB than females. In addition the disease was more common in the productive age (15-44) groups. There was an increment of treatment success rate from the end of 2014 to 2018 in the two health centers. The Case Detection Rate (CDR) of the study area was low (45.8%). In conclusion, the retrospective study showed that the year specific prevalence of TB were gradually declining while the relapsed and deaths cases were rising associated to prevalence of HIV in the last five years. Therefore, TB elimination programme should concentrate on the TB/HIV co-infection, reproductive age groups, males and case detection rate of Pulmonary TB.
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Tuberculosis (TB), Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB), Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB), Multidrug Resistance TB (MDR-TB)