Phenotypic Diversity and Mineral Contents of Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Accessions from North Wollo and South Tigray, and Improved / Introduction Varieties
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Date
2017-06
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Addis Ababa Universty
Abstract
Among legumes, the field pea has multiple purpose of fixing atmospheric nitrogen and
providing protein. This study was undertaken to identify the phenotypic diversity of field
pea (Pisum sativum L.) landrace accessions, improved and introduced varieties. It was
planted in two locations namely Holeta and Debrezeit agricultural research centers using
Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications during the 2016-2017
cropping season. Standard morphological measurements and scores were taken and the
harvested grains were analyzed for their mineral contents including Iron, Zinc, Calcium,
Copper, Potassium, Magnesium, Phosphorus and Selenium. The morphological and
mineral content data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. The
genotypes showed morphological diversity as observed in the field trails. The results
showed that significant differences exist among samples, within blocks and across
locations. Cluster analysis for average performances grouped the genotypes into two
different classes where cluster 1 had short maturity period whereas cluster 2 had high
grain production and total biomass production even though they are late maturing. In the
correlation analysis, days to maturity was highly correlated to total biomass production
and grain yield to which breeders draw much attention. All the nine minerals that were
analyzed, was there but varied from sample to sample. The amounts of Ca, K, Mg and P
were relatively higher in the landraces than in the other samples. It had high Ca, Fe and P
compared to lentil and faba bean. There was strong positive correlation between the
research sites in Holeta and Debrezeit. Diseases like ascochyta blight and powdery mildew
with scales of 1-9 were present. From 77 samples RAYA 1, DEKOKO 41 and DEKOKO 15 were
resistant for both diseases. The early genotypes (the DEKOKO varieties) can be used in
drought prone areas or in double cropping while those lines shown to be resistant to
ascochyta blight and powdery mildew could be taken up in breeding programs.
Key words: Chemical composition, correlation, cluster, morphological diversity, RCBD,
Pisum sativum
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Keywords
Chemical composition, Correlation, Cluster, Morphological diversity, RCBD, Pisum sativum