Bacterial Profile, Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and the Associated Risk factors among Cancer Patients Suspected with Urinary Tract Infection in Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Date
2021-08
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Bacterial infection is one of the most common life-threatening complications of cancer and cancer treatment. Ureteral tract infection (UTI) has become a serious concern incancer patients. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the spectrum and antibioticresistance pattern of bacteria related to urinary tract infections among cancer patients.
Objective: The study aimed to determine antimicrobial resistance pattern, UTI bacterial profile,and their associated risk factors among cancer patients attending Tikur Anbesa Hospital, AddisAbaba, Ethiopia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2020 to May 2021 among UTIsuspected cancer patients in Tikur Anbesa hospital. Study participants were recruited through aconvenient sampling technique through consecutive sampling. Socio-demographic variableswere collected using a pre-tested questioner while clinical variables were collected through chartreview and physical examinations. A morning midstream urine sample was collected for urineculture. Colony characterization and species identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility werecarried out. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics were presentedusing tables and figures. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was done toassess the association between dependent and independent variables. A P-value less than 0.05was considered statistically significant.
Result: Of the total of 272 urine sample tested , about 20.2% of the study participants wereculture positive for a different type of bacterial pathogens predominantly gram-negativepathogens outnumber 45 (81.8%). E. coli was the predominant one reported among 26 (47.3%)of the patients followed K. pneumonia 9 (16.4%), Enterococcus Spp. 5 (9.1%). Majority of theisolates were sensitive for gentamycin 69.1%, meropenem 95.6%, nitrofatonin 84%. Incontrast,isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin 90.7%, augmentin 88.9%, and ampicillin 96.4 %. Factorssuch as being female (AOR 7.86, 95% CI (3.45, 17.89)), the presence of additional comorbidity(AOR 2.4, 95% CI (1.05, 5.49)), those who had a history of catheterization (AOR 3.61, 95% CI(1.04, 12.52)) and symptomatic cancer patients (AOR 3.79 95% CI(1.84, 7.79)) had statisticalsignificant association with more likely to develop bacteriuria
Conclusion and Recommendations: Bacteriuria among cancer patients was considerably high.Being female, having a history of catheterization, presence of additional comorbidities, andbeing symptomatic have been associated with bacteriuria. E. coli was the predominant bacterialisolate. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns showed that the majority of the isolates wereresistant to commonly used antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, augmentin, and ampicillin. Thus,urine culture is very important for cancer patients to control drug resistance, to restrict and giveonly after doing culture and sensitivity tests.
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Keywords
UTI; Cancer patient; Bacterial profile; Antimicrobial resistance