Prevalence of Drug Resistance of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Harar (Eastern Ethiopia)
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Date
1995-05
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
A hospital based cross sectional study was carried
out in order to describe the magnitude of antituberculosis
drug resistance and identify the risk
factors associated with it.
The study was carried out in Harar tuberculosis
centre which is the major tuberculosis treatment centre
in eastern Ethiopia. A total of 338 smear/culture
positive patients were enrolled in the study between
October 10, 1994 and January 20, 1995. Exposure status
was determined through interview; drug resistance and HIV
status were determined through laboratory investigation.
The overall prevalence of resistance to one or more
anti-tuberculosis drugs was 126/338 (37.3%). Initial
resistance was 82/252 (32.5%) while that of acquired was
44/86 (51 . 2%). History of previous treatment was the
strongest predictor of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance
(p <0 . 005). HIV infection was found to be an important
predisposing factor in those who had history of previous
treatment (p< 0.05).
The prevalence of drug resistance is high in Harar.
There is a need for periodic national drug resistance
survey. Implementation of the WHO recommended supervised
treatment with multi-sectoral approach is suggested
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Keywords
Prevalence of Drug Resistance