Assessing the Impact and Effect of Watershed Management to Rural Household Food Security: A Case of Rebu Watershed, Waliso Woreda Ethiopia
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Date
2020-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the contribution of watershed management practices to
household food security in Waliso Woreda, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Household based
cross-sectional mixed research design was employed in the study. Household survey was
conducted on 341 sample households those selected using stratified random sampled method.
Land use land cover change of the watershed were analyzed at the entire Rebu watershed and at
5 micro watersheds in which watershed management intervention was carried out using the GIS
environment from 2000-2019.Household dietary diversity score model was used to assess
household food security status. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage was used
to analyze quantitative data. The qualitative data obtained from interviews and FGD was
analyzed by describing and interpreting deeply the situation of watershed management practices
on rural household food security conditions and physical changes on the environments. The
finding of the study indicated that land use/land cover change both for the entire Rebu watershed
and for the five micro-watersheds in which Land use/land management projects were
experienced changes in the last 7 years. The Land use Land cover dynamics over the entire Rebu
watershed for the last two decades has revealed that cropland, settlement, and grassland (38 %
to 45 %, 1 % to 2 % and 22 % to29 % has generally increased. Whereas wood land and bare
land decreases 32 % to 18 % and 7 % to 7%.At micro watershed while Forest and vegetation
has shown increasing trends 12 % to15 %, 28 %to 33 %, 25 % to 30 %, 19% to 28 %, and 21 %
to 40 %in D/werebu, Werebu, Misochisa. Kakee and Gurasenbete and bare land and cropland
has been decrease17% to 10 %,7 % to 5 % and 7 % to 3 %in Misochisa. Kakee and
Gurasenbete. From sample, HHs 79% household was food secured but the remaining were food
in secured. The soil fertility and Education were found significant determinant factors for food
security. The watershed management intervention made at micro watershed to the major
watershed level is required to sustain the harmonized livelihood of the community and the
management of SLM
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Keywords
Land use/land cover, watershed management, food security; soil and water conservation practices