Determinants of Severity of Illness in Patients With COVID-19 the Case of Eka Kottebe General Hospital Addis Ababa Ethiopia
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Date
2021-06-08
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Corona virus is a zoonotic disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2. It believed that the virus jumped the species barrier to humans from another intermediate animal host. An outbreak of COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, Hubei Province; China on 31 December 2019. The aim of this study was to identify determinant factors of illness severity in patients with COVID-19 in Eka Kotebe general hospital COVID-19 treatment center Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. To analysis the data considered in this study descriptive statistics, chi-square test and stereotype ordinal logistic regression model used for data analysis. The descriptive statistics is used to summarize the data using numbers and percent and the chi-square test is used to test the association between the dependent and independent variables. The stereotype ordinal logistic regression model is also used to identify the determinant of illness severity in patients with COVID-19. Out of the total patients considered in the study (N=454), about 240 (52.86%), 60 (13.22%), 106 (23.35%) and 48 (10.57%) patients were at mild, moderate, sever and critical stage, respectively. Moreover, using chi-square test the independent variables like sex, presence of symptom, fever, headache, chest pain, shortness of breath, general weakness, cough, co-morbid, diabetes mullets and hypertension had a significant association with severity of illness at 5% level of significant. The proportional odds model were considered as a candidate model to fit the data but as the assumption of parallelism was violated, the model was not adequate to fit the data. Thus, stereotype ordinal logistic regression model were fitted as the constraints ensure the outcome variable is ordinal. The stereotype ordinal logistic regression result shows that sex, age, presence of symptom, shortness of breath, general weakness and having co-morbidity had statistically significant effect on the severity of illness in COVID-19 patients.
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COVID-19, Stereotype, Severity of Illness