Community Based Watershed Development for Climate Change Adaptation in Choke Mountain: The Case of Upper Muga Watershed in East Gojjam of Ethiopia.
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Date
2011-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
In recent years, climate change and its impacts on livelihood resource have become a key issue in
Ethiopia. The main undesirable impacts on livelihood resources include land degradation, soil
erosion, deforestation, loss of bio diversity, recurrent drought, flood, wet land, and water body
dlying, and emergence of new crop and animal diseases. All these contribute to food insecurity
ond subsistence farm ing with a difficulty to break through the poverty trap. Thus this thesis has
ottempted to examine how community based watershed development project has a signijlcant
impact to reverse the aforementioned undesirable impacts, and will contribute to the development
of climate change adaptation mechanisms, adaptive capacity, and livelihood improvements. This
thesis has also made the objective of assessing the positive impact of community based watershed
development project on the development of climate change adaptation mechanism and livelihoods
in Choke Mountain in the case of Upper Muga Ambaber Community Based Watershed
Development Project. To address the investigation and assessment of the above objective the
research method uses both qualitative and quantitative types of research design. In order to
collect valuable information while semi structured questionnaire, focus group discussion guide
checklist, key informant guide checklist, and observation check list tools are used The primGly
data sources considering such things in the sampling process as gender, age, wealth status and
CBO membership document review format is used to quick handling of the required documents
as a secondGlY data source. Similarly, different statistical methods are usedfor the data analysis.
These include percentage offrequencies, bar graphs, X test, independent and paired sample ttest
and one way ANOVAs. The key finding of the thesis presents that the adaptive capacity of the
area before the intervention was low/very low. However, afler the intervention the status of
livelihood resources especially; income, soil fertility, land productivity, forest, water and food
supply become improved, (biophys ical and financial resources). Even if it has some gaps in the
process of implementation such as lack of participatory decision making process, targeting
problem to address the poor, the young and the women, weak stakeholder linkage and some
conflicts over utilization of communal livelihood resources (forest and range land), which means
lacks for the development of social and human capital. It is concluded that the project can playa
signijlcant role to improve the adaptive capacity and livelihood condition of the local people.
Then to fill the gap and go along the sustainability of the project, the investigation recommended
ji'equent negotiation and lobby from the concerned stakeholders to improve human and social
capital and solve the confiict. Then the project stakeholders shall think to retarget for the benefit
of disadvantaged group.
Key wards: Community based organization, vulnerability, adaptation, and adaptive capacity
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Keywords
Community based organization, vulnerability, adaptation, and adaptive capacity