Incidence and Associated Risk Factors of Major Cardiovascular Diseases Among Patients Visited Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital In Bahir Dar, Ethiopia Between 2014 And 2017
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Date
2018-08-04
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
The aim of this research was to assess the incidence of three common cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, heart disease, and stroke) and their risk factors among patients who visited Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital (FHRH) in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Patient records available between 2014 and 2017 were used as sources to get the required data on incidence among sex, age and residential (urban and rural) groups. In addition, data on annual trends of incidence and patients’ background related to potential risk factors were extracted from the medical records. Supplementary data were obtained by interviewing selected patients and members of the medical staff including Medical doctors and nurses. The data were collected from December 2017 to April 2018. Out of 2435 hypertension patients, 1097 (45.1%) and 1338 (54.9%) had Stage1 and Stage 2 Hypertension respectively. The highest incidence of hypertension was recorded in the >65 age group while there were no hypertension cases recorded in the <15 age group. Incidence of hypertension was significantly higher in males than females (p=0.00). Hypertension incidence showed continuous increase between 2014 and 2015. The hypertension incidence was also significantly higher in urban residents than rural ones (p=0.00). Five types of heart diseases were recorded, of which vulvular and rheumatic heart diseases were the most common. Unlike hypertension, heart disease was observed in all age groups. There was no significant difference in the incidence of heart diseases between males and females (p=0.347). The annual trend of heart disease showed continuous increases between 2014 and 2017. There was no significant variation in the incidence of heart disease between urban and rural residents (p=0.07). Stroke was recorded in all age groups except <5years.Both Ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients were not recorded under five years. Ischemic stroke was significantly more common than hemorrhagic stroke (p=0.03). On the other hand, stroke incidence did not show significant difference between males and females (p=0.117) and urban and rural residents (p=0.644). Unhealthy dietary habit was a contributing factor more to hypertension and heart diseases than stroke while smoking contributed more to heart diseases than hypertension and stroke. Lack of proper use of prescribed drugs specially for hypertension, and the arrival of patients late after suffering from stroke were stated by the medical staff as the major challenges in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases at FHRH.
Conclusion:The finding revealed that, CVDs are common in the population of Bahir Dar and the surrounding area who visited the hospital . The data also suggests that prevalence could increase in the nearby future.
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Hypertension, Heart Disease, Stroke, Cardiovascular, Risk Factors, Bahir Dar