Pathological Patterns of Testicular and Paratesticular Lesions from January 2019 Todecember 2023 G.C In Tikur-Anbessa Specialized Hospital.
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Date
2024-07-30
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Testis is affected by both non neoplastic and neoplastic conditions. There are various testicular lesions, ranging from pediatric to adult age groups. A critical gap exists in our national medical literature regarding the incidence of testicular lesions, both benign and malignant. To address this, we propose a study investigating orchidectomy specimens collected within our hospital for various clinical indications.. Objective: This study aims to characterize the spectrum of testicular and Para testicular lesions observed in orchidectomy specimens. The study analyzes the demographic data of patients alongside the clinical and microscopic features of these lesions. Additionally, the study investigates the prevalence of testicular neoplasms in Ethiopia compared to other countries. Material and Method: The study was retrospective study, conducted at Tikuranbesa specialized hospital in the department of PATHOLOGY with study period of 5 years (September 2019uptoaugust 2023). The study design was retrospective descriptive cross sectional study. RESULT: There were a total of 78 testicular biopsies recorded in the study period. most of them58(74%) were non neoplastic lesions, and out of these 20 cases(34.5%) were undescended test is followed by 11cases(19%) of tuberculous orchitis and 10 (17%) cases were testicular atrophy for different reasons. Neoplastic conditions accounted for 20 cases(26%) of the total fromthis5(25%) were classical seminoma, ,3(15%) mixed germ cell tumor, 1 case(5%) of sexcordstromal tumor and 1case(5%) of infiltrates of lymphoblastic lymphoma were identified. the minimum and maximum age for the non neoplastic lesion was 1 and 72 years respectively, meanage was 30.8 year. For the neoplastic lesions the minimum age was 1 year and maximumwas67and the mean age was 34 year. Testicular swelling was the main clinical presentation forneoplastic lesion. most patient present at PT2 stage. on average there was a total of 4 neoplasticlesions per year. Right testis was most commonly affected with non-neoplastic and neoplasticlesions.4 cases of Para testicular lesion were identified, spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma, mucinous cyst adenoma, fibrous pseudotumor and low grade fibromyxosarcoma. Conclusion: Non-neoplastic lesions constituted the largest category within the testicular specimens examined. Cryptorchidism emerged as the most prevalent histomorphology diagnosis, followed by tuberculous orchitis. Neoplastic lesions, conversely, were less frequent. Among these, germ cell tumors represented the most common malignancy, with classical seminoma being the predominant histomorphological pattern..
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Cryptorchidism, Tuberculous orchitis, Germ cell tumors, Seminoma