Prevalence of Tuberculosis, Multidrug Resistance Tuberculosis and Associated Risk Factors among Smear Negative Presumptive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| dc.contributor.advisor | Bitew Adane | |
| dc.contributor.author | Sinshaw Waganeh | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2018-12-05T08:17:35Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-11-06T08:56:22Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2018-12-05T08:17:35Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-11-06T08:56:22Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2018-06 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Background: Diagnosing active smear negative PTB, which represent the majority oftuberculosis (TB) cases left difficult. Therefore, treatment is often carried out empirically, basedon clinical criteria, resulting in misdiagnosis and treatment. The distribution and magnitude ofsmear negative PTB, smear negative MDR PTB and associated factors in the same day diagnosisstrategy are not clearly known in the study area. Objective: The objective of the study was todetermine the prevalence of TB, MDR-TB and associated risk factors among presumptive smearnegative pulmonary tuberculosis patients by Xpert MTB/RIF Assay in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: An analytic cross sectional study design was used. A total of 418 patients wereconsecutively enrolled and two (spot-spot) sputum samples were collected, stained with ZiehlNeelsen (ZN) method and examined for AFB in the selected health facilities from August 01 toDecember 30, 2017. All smear negative sputum were transported and examined by FMmicroscopy, Xpert MTB/RIF and Culture. Data was entered and cleared by EPI data andanalyzed by SPSS Ver.20. Results: A total of 27/418 (6.5%) (In 95 % confidence interval (CI),4.103-8.816) were Xpert MTB/ RIF and 26/408 were culture confirmed SNPT cases. Thepositivity rate among male and female was 10.2% and 3.5% (p=0.005) respectively. From 26culture positive isolates 03 (11.54 %) (95 % C.I, 0.00-23.82) were MDR TB; from this 02/23(8.7 %) were among new and 01/03 (33.3%) was among retreatment cases. All Smear negativeMDR TB cases were diagnosed from men. All rifampicin resistant SNPT isolates by XpertMTB/ RIF assay were found to be MDR TB and 07/26 (26.9%) isolatesresistant. Being health care worker and history of migration found to be a potential risk factor fordeveloping SNPT. The odds of having SNPT is 68.7 times higher in health care workers ascompared to other job category AOR 68.7 (95% C.I, 2.447-1929.15 : p<0.013). None migrantshave 0.121 times less likely to have smear negative pulmonary TB in comparison with migrants,AOR 0.121(95 % C.I, 0.20-0.730, p< 0.021). Conclusion: Overall prevalence of SNPT in AddisAbaba was 6.5% by Xpert MTB/ RIF assay and 6.4 % by culture in Spot- Spot sample collectionand diagnosis strategy. This study also demonstrated 11.54 % smear negative MDR TB prevalence. Being health care worker and history of migration were found to be a potential riskfactor for developing SNPT. Key words: Prevalence, smear negative PTB, smear negative MDRTB, Xpert MTB/RIF Assay | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/14865 | |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | en_US |
| dc.subject | Diagnosing active smear negative | en_US |
| dc.title | Prevalence of Tuberculosis, Multidrug Resistance Tuberculosis and Associated Risk Factors among Smear Negative Presumptive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |