Evaluation of the Representativeness of ANC Based Sentinel Surveillance in Addis Ababa
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Date
2001
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Addis Abeba Universty
Abstract
National estimates of HIV prevalence of the whole adult population are based on
ANC based sentinel surveillance system. Therefore with the objective of determining
the representativeness of the ANC attendees in relation to pregnant women not
attending ANC and general adult population, a cross sectional comparative study
was conducted. It employed a pre-tested standardized questionnaire to collect
information on risk factors related to HIV/AIDS from a sample of 1426 individuals.
Data was collected in Addis Ababa on April 2000 at the four health centers where the
sentinel surveillance is ongoing and at the respective catchment’s areas of the health
centers. Forty seven percent of the attendees belonged to the age group 15 - 24,
72% were unemployed, 33% had a monthly income of 500 Birr or more, 36% were
new comers to the community and 89% were married. Although 61% were
multipara, 50% had no children. Over 52% married at age below 19 years, 83.6%
never used condom.
There were no significant difference in risk profile between ANC attendees and the
non-attendees pregnant women while there were significant differences among ANC
attendees and the general adult population of females. ANC attendees were younger
with low education; unemployed (72%), new comers to the area, and married
compared to the general population of females. Majority of ANC attendees never
used condom with regular and non-regular partners (92.7% and 77.6% respectively)
and reported STI was 16.4%.
Males were found to have significant association with risk factors i.e. majority of them
were single (71.4%), had sexual intercourse with high risk partner (55%) with only
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33% of every time use of condom with such partners. The related risk factors were
observed to distribute significantly between ANC attendees and the GP of males
showing both to have a high-risk profile. It was then concluded that ANC attendees
can confidently be taken as representative of the general pregnant population and
the GP of males, differ significantly with the general population of female who were
observed to exhibit a low risk profile. In addition, close to 30% sexually inactive
respondents in the GP, 52% never pregnant and 55% childless women were
observed, an addition of another sentinel population as an adjunct to the existing one
in order to capture these population is recommended.
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Evaluation of the Representativeness of ANC Based