Evaluation of Trichoderma Species Against Fusarium Wilt and Alternaria Leaf Blight of Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.) Under In Vitro Condition
| dc.contributor.advisor | Alemu, Tesfaye (PhD) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Goshu, Hadis | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-11-27T09:46:57Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-11-09T04:21:18Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-11-27T09:46:57Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-11-09T04:21:18Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2019-10-10 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The present study was aimed to evaluate and characterize the potential biocontrol agents of Trichoderma isolates against two pathogenic fungi viz., Alternaria isolates (AUA1) and Fusarium isolates (AUF5) under in vitro condition. Infected leaves, seeds and soil samples of sesame were collected from different habitats of the Wolkait district for the isolation of fungal pathogens. The pathogenicity test of these isolates was confirmed on detached leaves of sesame plants resulting in typical symptoms of leaf blight and wilt disease. In this study, the in vitro potential of 7 Trichoderma isolates were evaluated against two isolates of foliar and soil borne phytopathogenic fungi in dual culture techniques and through production of volatile and non-volatile inhibitors. The effect of pH and temperature on the mycelia growth and spore yield of Trichoderma isolates were determined PDB medium. While, the optimum temperature for mycelial growth and the maximum spore yield was produced at 25OC. Among the seven Trichoderma isolates, AUT-12 (93 %), AUT-158 (91.6 %) and AUT-97 (90.8%), exhibited a significant (P< 0.05) enhancement of germination percentage in sesame seeds under in vitro conditions, while the control treated significantly (p<0.05) decreased these values (55 %). In vitro confrontation analysis revealed that all the Trichoderma isolates were highly antagonistic and AUT-131 isolate displayed over 75% inhibition of mycelial growth against both test pathogens under dual culture. Except isolates AUT-32 and AUT-158, all the other Trichoderma isolates showed consistent results in dual culture test, volatile and non-volatile activity against any of the two pathogens tested. Under in-vitro dual culture test, the experimental results showed that all the isolates of Trichoderma were able to inhibit the growth of both test pathogens at rates ranging from 66.29% to 79.49% after 6 days of incubation. The highest mean inhibitory effect on the growth of the test pathogens were achieved by AUT-131 isolate (79.49%) against AUF5 and AUT-97 isolate (76.42%) against AUA1 while AUT-33 isolate showed the lowest mean inhibitory effect restricting it almost completely in plates compared to the control consisting of any of the two test pathogen growing alone. The highest (90.12%) non –volatile inhibition effect was exhibited by both AUT-11 and AUT-12 against AUF5 isolate, while the lowest (16.38%) inhibition was obtained by AUT-32 isolate. Thus, the use of novel isolates of Trichoderma with efficient antagonistic capacity against Alternaria (AUA-1) and Fusarium (AUF5) isolates is a promising alternative strategy to fungicides for sesame disease management. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/23681 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | en_US |
| dc.subject | Antagonism | en_US |
| dc.subject | Biocontrol | en_US |
| dc.subject | Fungal Pathogens | en_US |
| dc.subject | Non-Volatile Inhibitors and Volatile Metabolites | en_US |
| dc.title | Evaluation of Trichoderma Species Against Fusarium Wilt and Alternaria Leaf Blight of Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.) Under In Vitro Condition | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |