Impact of Climate Variability on Household Food Security and Coping Strategies in Yaya Gulale District of Oromia Region, Ethiopia
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Date
2021-10
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Ethiopia is one of the most vulnerable countries experiencing drought and floods as a result of
climate variability and change. Climate change in the form of higher temperature, reduced
rainfall, and increased rainfall variability reduce crop yield and threaten food security in low
income and agriculture-based economies. This study investigates impact of climate variability on
household food security and coping strategies in the case of Yaya Gulele District of Oromia
region. Multi-staged sampling techniques were used to select the targeted area and sample
household respondents. A total of 232 sampled households were selected using simple random
sampling method and household survey was conduct with structured questionnaire. Key Informant
Interviews and Focus Group Discussions were also conducted to complement the quantitative
study. The study used both qualitative and quantitative approach and used both primary and
secondary data collection methods. Various descriptive and inferential statistic techniques were
applied to analyze the collected survey data. Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS)
and ordered logistic regression model were used to analyze the determinant factors which affect
food security of sampled household. The result of ordered logit revealed that sex of household
head, family size and distance of household from the market, education level, irrigation, market
linkage, agricultural extension contact and access to saving and credit contributed significantly
associated with household food security status. The result of HFIAS show that 20.26% of
households were categorized as food secure, 36.21% as mildly food insecure and 30.60% as
moderately food insecure and 12.93% as severely food insecure in the study area. From the result,
it is possible to conclude that male headed household, having more family members and close
distance to the market are more significantly affect the impact climate variability result on food
security. Policy measures derived from the result include: Facilitate access to saving and credit,
irrigation access, contact with of agricultural extension and create a market linkage particularly
for food insecured household groups the study areas.
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Keywords
Climate change and variability, adaptation response, food security, ordered logit, HFIAS, Yaya Gulelle