INVESTIGATION OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ALONG THE MILK VALUE CHAIN AND ASSESSMENT OF ITS PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE IN ARSI NEGELLE TOWN, ETHIOPIA
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Date
2018-06
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Abstract
A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2017 to May 2018 in Arsi negelle town, west arsi zone, oromia, Ethiopia, to isolate and identify S. aureus and their resistance to different antimicrobials and also to assess the milk handling practices and consumption behavior among actors in the milk value chain. A total of 318 samples examined, 25.47 % (81) were positive for S.aureus. Of this, 17.85% and 63.15 % were positive for S. aureus at farm and milk collection centers level, respectively. The study has also showed relatively a higher contamination rate of S. aureus at MCCs than farm. There was statistically a significant difference (P=0.000) in isolation of S. aureus from Farm, MCC, swab of milk container and swab of milkers hand. All (n=81) isolates of S. aureus were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility with 11 selected antimicrobials. The isolates were highly susceptible to ciprofloxacin (76.54%), followed by sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim (62.96%) and vancomycine (60.49%), however, they were highly resistant to Ampicilline(100%) , penicillin G (100%), Amoxacilline clavulanic acid (82.7%), Streptomycin (72.8%), tetracycline(60.49%) respectively. Lacks of stringent regulation and monitoring in the dispensing and use of antimicrobials in the area might contribute to the occurrence of high antimicrobial resistance to these drugs. An attempt was made to assess the milk handling practices and consumption behavior of actors in the milk value chain by using semi structured questionnaire survey that include farmers, consumers, hotel/café owners and milk collectors at MCC. It revealed poor milk handling practices, raw milk consumption behavior, and inadequate knowledge of milk borne disease. In general, the study has revealed the possibility of public health risk posed by S. aureus in Arsi negelle town. Creation of public awareness about good milk handling practices, pasteurization or boiling of milk prior to consumption, rational use of drugs and periodic assessment of the antimicrobial sensitivity of drugs prior to use are recommended.
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A Thesis submitted to the College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture of Addis Ababa University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Veterinary Public Health
Keywords
cross sectional, S. aureus, value chain